
ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴȫתԻ֧棬ȨУ


صļԣwww.27txt.com ṩȥ˴վŶ

1

յҹϰϰӸ߹ںɫĻͣ˸ŹâʱַǷ
˽¥£¥¥̨ͤصܻˮĺߵļɽ쾰Ҳһ˵⾳
е̫͹Ụ̊һɽ亣ζ˵¥ϸá
󹬵ӸƯˣΪϦţɺ֯Ůమһܼӡ䴫˵ֻҪڽԼİǹǣͿԵõ֯Ůţɵף
¥оͳһŮΧһϸֺõ
ϣȾơ
ϣԲ
ЩŮƴҪץסǰ˵עǰͲ롣
һѩɽܵëƤϣֱһ谮ӣͷƫһý۵ְõˮ
һ٬̽ŮӵڣĴеĻ٣ǵӽһ̯ˮһп˵ϡ
ϡС͵ĽһȺŮּĻȴĺơ
һĨ޵Цݣɢ߹ʣһһͶŲŭƣٱ̻Ů˵ķģеΪռλֿľͲѺˡ
ǣһж޹ϵֻҪæҴºһŮ˰ůˡ
еŮ˶ֻһйҪĹ߶ѡ
ûκŮ˿ǵţҲû˸ҡ
ϣϵǺƯ˵ֻҪڽԼİŮӣ˾Ϳమϡһʮ塢С˵
ģЦ˵ЩŮôģ
֪ôģԴС޳ȥоģûһǰڵʱȻ죬˳ʱҲ˳㷢йһеѹС軹ڹп̸ĵˣˣЩԹԼ˳嶯
ö߼޳ȥŶԣһ֮¸ʥּϲ԰Ȳ׼Ȣޣ˵λӻǿСġ
ϣô˵һ谮ĻҪ˼תϡ
ʲô£еľƱ˹һڡ
ҪĸӰ
ע⵽ٲȻΪӻĿꡣ
ǶްͷϣЦʡ
ֻеӶĵͷеĿչ¶ţȻ˾ȴие
뵱Щ˽ʱ򣬶δȾ׳ĻһʮֵĿȴΪҪֻԵײ͡
ҪܹһŮ˹Щɿˡ
еıӣаĹâЦҪõ޵ǿԣһ
ʲô
˭԰ѻʺ̫Ǳ뵽Ļǣ޻͡
Ļһ󼫴ɧܿĴҾͰûһҴ𻰡
ԭǺܼ򵥵ģѾ̫Ҫʺ峿оӣҲ׼ֱʺӸԭ
˭֪ʺ̫ǱߣȫΪϵԵʡ
̫½Ϊһ֮ĶӾȻ£Ҳò˵׼ʺ棬Ҫú÷ʡ
ÿһ뵽
ʡҪʡʲô
ȻʲķԾΪ»ʺѡİŮӲɢԹǲڸĸϣǿڻʺϰɡ
ôû˸ȥ𣿡ʡ
ǡ
ǵĳɲΪ̫һأǻϸʺ󲻺͵֪Ȼʺ󲢲ó裬Ȼȥ֮ǰ谮ҲΪ˻ʺ⵽湫ı
˵湫Ƕ¡Щڱ᲻ףڹ϶СԲԼİĻɩֵŮ۸
깫ȻѾǶ죬̫ǰ˵һ
֪İĻɩ˲СĻǲע⣬ĸһ˿˿̫ĻһÿܾϴҪ˺һҾͻ̲סҪ˿ҲӵᵽС
һ˵֮һ᳣λѵġ
ں󹬵ƺǺѣлɩΪֻлʺϹ϶ɩӡ
ȻЩӮü⻶ĵӦ飬ȴֲòǵȥ˳Ļʺ󣬻ҵ³
޵Ůôôų£ɵòĵร
Ҫ˵һҪҵ̼һҲúõһġӡ
ڴҴ·棬ǸľзֱǷǡжϵǲ֪ΪϹȴǰδеУԽԽԭѾǵΪƻٻӰİһԼ֪
ٻӰԺܻḡһŽ۵ӡǴСһ𳤴ĹŮ˵ĸܺã˴ҲⱲעҪһģȴû뵽ͻȻһʥּҪΪ̫ӵӭȢϹԪĶŮΪޣӲĲɢٻӰԧΡ
Ӵ˶½ŵӲԹޡ
˼֮ʣȴһ̬ŮӻվߵǰϣԸȥΪʺ󡣡
ԲüһĨ͵Цݣʲô֣
ǰŮˡŮӳ޶ˣǧȻǸѵһˣȴ͡
ԣиеһܡô᲻֪˭
ǰܵĳңԼܹŮӣôӲпĽˣ
檽ΣϷΪ˵ġ
ˣ޶ˣ
Цźһھƣ̵ûϣԴٻӰͲκŮ˽С
ζһȻ֪ҪĲǵõȫĳ谮Ϊϣǿ׳ıеõǰδеĻ估㣬ҪõпˣһҪϻʺλӡ
Ҫָ߹ľǧ谮ȫһ
ãȥѸ߰Ļʺɣ
ǣ
ӰʧǰʱеȫͶԼʼԹĿ⡣
׺ڵֻ̧ͷϵǣûٿ˵
һ󣬴ԭصӿʼ಻סڼǰ䡣
ϣֻ˻ûͿ붯ʺ󣬹̫һ͹ˡ
ǰǰǲ
Ҫ˻ֻϻģ̫ˡ
ڵӼ治ɫĺƣΪҲ룬Ը޼ɵΡ
аЦǿ޴
ϹͲǸεСӿԾģʵҪûǸ
Դϻʺ֮󣬼ûеҲûҪȥԶͶ㣬첻֪ΪȻ
ΪʲôϦҹĹϵɣ
ҡҡͷ˦еĺ˼롣һҪΪˣҪ߹ĻʺӲùŸġ
һȺŮ˽ʱȴγǰЩǱ
ϣһͿ޿Ĺڵġ
ʺأ
檵峿ϵҪʺ󣬿ȴʺѾصңԳ檾͵ңǻʺȴ˵˵˵װýŭᵽߵ㡣
Ȼԭһĵļһ˿ŭĻ𻨣˵ʲô
檲˵»˻ŭʺҲԳ檡
ģ˵
ǣ˵
εͷ˵ƺõĻûȥʵң͸ıˣҪüּһ
ϹӻϾ͸ϲˣ
εһĨΪ֪Цݡ

ңĹŮ׼ϴʱȴһ˫źݺݵ߿
ĸūšμϣū澸֪ǻϡСŮ׼Ҫȴǰһ۵Ŀݵվǰֻɫ࣬ˡ
ʺأ
ں԰ϣ
СŮæȥҪֹһŭļ⣬漴뵽ǻϣҪǵʮҲֻĿ
żҴҵʧǰһ̫ߵСŮߡ
Ƿ̻ӵ̫̣࣬ǼߵĺˣеӶŽ鱦Тϣܹڼǰ˵Щû
ʲô£ϲ˵޹Ǹղȴ
Կη
ǡСŮЩȴ̴ϡ
ģʺ̩ɽǰü侲Ƣֻл϶ѣҵÿЩȥԱ߷ţȥ̫ҽɡ˵æ׷ȥ
̫ҽ
СŮվԭأ漴뵽һŮ¶Ӧò£æĳȥ̫ҽˡ

ƿһȾµĵľţӳҵ鼮İڷϣֲ̨һĻݣڲûʲôļҾߣһӺ⣬仹һѹ٣ٱ߷һС¯Űɫɢһܰ㣬Ӹоһ˿һгµء
Ϊһ֮ĸסĵطǸסӡⲻõüš
⡭ֻСסĵطסû
̲ס죬ӭϼĿʱæסڡ
֪϶ʺ󲢲۰Ϊһ֮Ľڣ޷Լӱ˵ġ
ʱŮӿĵЦԶ⾲ĵĻʺŵȴСŮ
Ķһżʱŵûʧɫæμϡ
ʺأ˴Ϊβˣʡ
ں԰ΪϦеȥϢźˡ˵
ȥ԰ɡ
ǣ
ڹŮĴ·ߵ԰԰һصĺɻѾţصӣݻݣ¹ҡҷķˣСͤڳˮ֮Уеĺɻȡ¹ľɢһһ˼ɾ
ĿһŮע⣬֪ܳĹŮ¶
¶һǻϼ٣æߵǰμϡ
ʺأôҪһҪôؿõš
¡ָ԰һش
°ɣûҵ˭׼š
ǣ
ڵȵҪˣ
ߵɵԣȴ˯ˡ
ǿǿ˯ˣ
ԭģ쵽ļʱ˯˶ȴתͷɰӳ



2


ľܵ𺳣ûҪúÿǺģֻ֪û˵Υ֮ˣΪǰǴ¹ӡ
Ůһ
ʧһͷںڵ㷢ɢϸļϣĵϸ¼Ӱ𪣬Ľë¹ӳγһεӰĳŨܡıСɶͦ޵ݮĴţչüȴ΢΢ţ溢Ӱ˯ΪλԵòǳ
¹ϣŮչ¶ţǸʷĺţĿҲ޷侲ȵѲһֿյϸȳƵȣ˿̵ģԽߵ
һ뵽Ǽֻһǰδее
鲻Խ۰׵ļƵĴԡ
µŮ˺࣬Ϊһ֮ȴúǧôҲȲǰƻõŮӡ
һʱԼĿģĵͷ˵˫ϸϸƷǷܰ㡣
˯μԼһůǿ׳ıӵţһҿǿҵϮĴξʵǴӻ㱻Ļصʵ
ſң
ŵҪƿǵӣŷԭζʵģĴ
ôĵӸᱡһɱģ
ıɱ׷򣿡ֽ˫ֽץס
˵ʲôϣ˿̲ŷǰǼ⡣ʲô
ԭȻĿ˲䲼һ˪ⲻõĿֱ䵭
ô޵Ļʺ󣬿Լɷôһų
ĿܲˣǵĿ΢أȴ¶һֲЦݡ
ע£ӿһܼĸо
ϣſң֪㲻ϲӵġҪ½ȴֹ
ϲӣ˵ͷľţš
ѵԼ˵Ļ˵κεľ
Ҫٴεƿȴûע⵽ķеĲá
˵û
Ǿءʹ
ͻȻץסϸԼǰ˴ǲͣԼǰ
޵̬޺ܲ⡣
ҵ̬ȣһЦϣҼ޸ΪѾˣǷ޼Ļ۵ɱľۻᣬҲᳬΣл㷢ҵ̬Ȳأ
ڹˣüû뵽ݵġ
檲ҡ
ָΪģȫˣſ֣Ŀ·ãȻ̧ͷ
ϣ֪ҹ𣿡
ղȥ¥Ȼ˵㲻мһȺǳŮһҲԸ֮ޣ˵⻰ص޵ݡ
뵽Ͳ䵱ɷƵģףҪŶԡ
ֻǵͷûпڣģ·ڸ˵Ƶġ
˵õĿڡ
ų檻˵ĻƽţϹһǿ侲ߡ
ûлشֻеĲġ
಻ţû˼
ݵ˿̵¹¸˵Ȼĸ겻Ծʧҹ˵СÿĿʱͻ鲻ԽҪ˽ĻУԺúõ۰
ÿһŮʱõҸȴ»֮ҹݺݵ˺ˣϣҲĻķ׵Ļ
ǰѾˣڵܾΪһʱ͸ı⡣
˵Ŀţشзһ¡
ǰϹһǵŮŮ˸ӵ¡
ǰǣʱΪʮֵʹޣѡĥ
ﻺ̧ͷϵţɡ֯ŮǣϦమһȹģǹ£ҲƮʱжˮһ˵ҹҲ뵽һȺɷŮȡ衣
Ϊʺ󣬵ڹ˭֪ܳģܳĻҲûСΪǻʺû˸ǰ˵˵ĻڱЦĻ˵Ҳ˵ꡣ
һȫͣβ
жаҲ类һһ
һһ裿ŭ˫ȭ
檲ң
æµľٶȴܲκε԰㣬Լ۸һСŮ
û˵š
ǣ
ȥԸ˰ϯ
ϣ㲻Ҫ뿪ˣ΢΢һ㶡
漴ͶһõĿ⣬޲𣿡
ԡһ죬æתڷԸŮ
ûֻŮ½½İϺþƺòˣߵǰ
Ʋ˰ں֮˸񣬡á
ȵȡסҪתȥ
Ҫȥ
Ҫ뿪
£˿ˡ
ǡ
еĹŮˣֻվԭ󼰷ŭĿ
Ҫʲô
Ҫվ
ߵھͱһУȾơ
ϡŻؾͱһƣĸоʹͿæıһ㣬޲֪㲻Ⱦơ
üı飬оͺȾǺܲԵ顣
һίĸоʱӿͷˮ޷Ƶĸۿ
ǹģҪ
ҧ´ԼҪǰˮǲֵõġû°ɣѵûġ
ҡҡͷΪһƣӹһںȹ⣬Ŀȴûдƿ
ľǿǻˡ
԰׵Լǿסˮһŭηӿ
ôһ
еһǧټõĻģΨ
ƣԼıеݸȣ
ҡҡҡͷҪܾȴܾ
ȣҪȣǿּ
ǡ̿ˮɵһۣʵڲٳĿɬ
Ǻ㴼˵ģ治ô³ӡü⡣
㡪Ҫڷȴٴα˻УĶʱͷеľƺȹ⣬ȻסͷԼĴɵĸġ
һھ͸еµҺĿУòеľʱоԼҵȫһǶʱʧɿУƺˣΪͻȥ
ȴ񴽳룬޼ɵ࣬òݣҪƿȴǿı۰ӵס뿪˵Ĵʱϵĺ¹¸
ú𣿡ɳƣԼһ
ϡ˿Ļ
ʲôħ޸úġеĿΨһʣµŮһ
յƿ̫ͺСĵԱߵĵϡ
ʹһ
ҪʱȴֺݺݵĻӿ
Ҫң
㣡
⵽ܾʱŭţ֪Լ˴ֱҲǹİ
Ҫͬ顣
ƴҪվȴ޷Ϊû޷ҲҪסˮȴͽ޹ˮϢĻʹӡ
⿴ǰĵ¼εˮʱеŭȻȫʧ٣ʣµֻС
ôġ
֪˵ǺܶӵΪȴһֱԼһвΣûĳ֣ͲøٻӰֿٻӰҲͲˡ
ڵԵǱ绺Ŀڣҵʲôʳ˲ί
㡪˵Ҳܲ˱Դ
̧ͷԺԹ޵ı鼤ıʱбԹ޷˵
ǴûйΡ
дΪҼ޸ƻҸûҲһӵҸֲҴ𣿡
ΪβܾĻʳǰһҹһμʱʵĻ
ʱûлشΪжеİ޷һ˹ǵǰ˵жİ
ǲ˵ˡ
ĸ֮ΥӴž类̰ĺ
ֻĽڣ޲ţҲܣ
𣿡վ̧ͷ¸ҵҲȢңѵⲻʵ
Ļݺݵػģ㾹ô˵
һĨȻЦҲİ˻ѡԭң㡣
మѡҶȥġ
𣿡Цһ£
ͣǿеĿɬĻ뿪㣬෴ģҲ㣬ѡһͬƻߣ𣿡
ܾ޸ٻӰͲᱻȷֿˡԹΪҪӦҲ̰ͼʼҵٻ󣡡
Ҳǣʹźš
ʱ֪ɷеƻߣ޸㣬Ϊһֱϣļֻһ˵ģøôŮ˹ڿеԹ޿κΡ
ߣ뷨ҲӰ쵽С裬Ż˻ԸʵһӵĻ顣
ΪҪ檲ŽˣοΪһ֮ȨκҪˡ
Ǹӣ̲סĳ
㣡
ŭɶĳ嵽ǰһ׽ס֣Ҳ˲Ƿʹ˵ԸоȵϢϡ
ΪǻʺͿ˵ڱ˵޻ɷ㲻Թ˳ӵĻ޿
Ѿˣ
ηӭģе̡
оȻҪε飬ŮΪѲ
òᰮ˰ɣһѪıʵֻҪݺݵ˺üеʹ
ǵĻĲҡ
ɫٿˢףҪֱۣſңҲҪҡ
һ˵ֺ꣬ȻסĺԣסĴ
֪ΪҪֻ֪ʱҪĳ嶯Ĵһͺ޷뿪ƵģٻӰһʱûǿҡ
Ϊʲô
һʱʧʱһİƴ
ȻҴޣ
ɱ˰Ĺâɫ԰ֽ
ǹҪִģֻҪͣ
ûһŮ˸ԴޣݹΪʺ󣬹ղŴһƾ޷㡣˵ϧƿԼΪŵ˵
޵ӣްôô㡣
Ȼ̧ͷŴ˵㲻ҵġ
޸ıˣϾһȴõ̫ˡ
ҲЩŮˡҧгݵ˵šΪ󹬱ҵŮˣõһҹĶȴҪһӵºͼįΪ顣
Ƿ޵ģ㺦ʧȥģ޽ϼӱ
ҲһëģҪŮˣ뿪ң˵ϧ衣޷޵ָſڣҲ˲һ֮
ȻͷЦﲻ׵Цʲô
ֹסЦһĨЦı԰ɣĸ֪һ޸ϱҲŮ˼ʼӸԣô룿
ǿԼ¸ҵĳ㣬ҲκεļʣڻҲͬŮӶ޹أҲϵĺ£ҲҪƻҵƽ
סСɵ°ͣӭ񣬡ƽƻƽҸ֮Ϊ޻Ź㣿ˣ
°ͺҪһ㣬ʹȴвб˵ʹ
ҡҧгݵ˵ƿ
κεĽӴˣֻܡ
ӱΪ㰮޵Եʣ
˵ʲô
ŴۣȻ֪⣬ûиκ˵ܰ
һаȰЦݣȻ޲ˡ
ҡͷ
ĿȻսȵϢҲ絽ķۼϣеһ޷вòǣޱ֤ӻעҪʹ֮У˾עҪ壬°һʹԨɣ
ӡһֱǣĴ޼ɵ۵ĺ촽
˵ϦҹŮǵĻͻһһֿ޵Ļʺ׼һӰɣ˵Цת뿪
֪ʱſģֻĶƺԵЦһϡ
ֻĿǶ׵ĴеǾǶħµӡ
찡ô£
ƽĹ꣬ò׿ԼװԼһˣںʹţʹĿԼÿ춼вͬ˷ı䣬ȴһ΢Цò
Ϊʲô
ʹķ޺ţĳ̶Լô㵣ֻйе
ʲôֻǰҲˣ
ʹĿҹƮɢĺҹУʱջƮһϸꡣ
ţ֯ŮΪµˮ

һ缴ǰ峿̫밲һ·ֻǺûг¶ԼӸеѹ
ﾭҹһʹ޺һֱӣ˵Ҳ͸ǰһﲢδֳ¡
ΪߵŮʴģĲΪλϻ飬üҪſͻ鲻ãʡ
˿̵ɫ̫ÿ԰׵ˣܾĴ֮һ㣬ǻһʱ赹Ƶġ
һ̫޹̫ͨ˿
һ߹ĸˣȻЩƣɢǻ֮
μĸϱ밲Ĺ¡
ããʺ
лĸ󣡡
̫󾲾һߵ̲סʺ뵱ԼһʱñȥˣҶ̲סҪĽòԭȻ̫ͬȻʵѡҽ󹬹ã˶мȻûҲڡ
лĸޣ檳е𡣡˵ȴĸееĳ֣Ѿƻòάֵƽ
ʺɫ̫ãǲϴ˺ܵ˻ûкã㲻ΪβúõĴðҺúõչ㡣ԴСǸѾͷҳȥоͱ岻٣˸̸Ķ󣬿ɲʧȥһϱ
ĸԷĹذָмԺ᳣̸ɢĵġ
𣿡
ǵġ
˵԰Ļòʺ㰧ȥΣ
ǡ
̫¶һ΢ЦϽҪ԰д˾ηȻĿĲҪʺȥǸ󽫾ҪϸദĻᡣ
Ϊ˵ϸʺһȹϦҹ

̸̫԰У̫ûֱߵĵطڲԶĻԼͣ
ʺĲʫ踳࣬кʫһ̫˵ע⵽ԭ˵Ҳ˵Ļ̫ˣҲע⵽ǵĳ֣ļƻԤڵĽš
һ˾η̸ʮֿĵļ̫ʱü
˵׼κɧôĸ
˾䣬һ£ȥȥͻء
߽ǵʱ̫󣬻
ͣ½Ųǰ̫ѧ衣
ﻺڻƶŽŲĿרעŽĻڷҡҷˣ׵ƽ໶þЦſʹ޺ޣͤɡ
ڴʱȻееȵĿϣ̧ͷ򼽹վĵط
Ŀ⽻ɲǣеԼѮҪ۾͸Ƿ·ҪĻƲסеĿֻǿԼͷκĻᡣ
̫еʱȴǵǰϡ
øЦ
ƿĿ̫밲
ĸ󣬸ʺһͻʫ
ϣʺĲɿǺðҪò˫ȫŮʵѰ
ǰûĲΪȻ˶ʮ֡
һɲԤУܾһĳ־ͺֻصĶ֮Уûѹ
ˣô̫֪ʡ
ĸ󣬶˾оۻᣬ᲻֪ɣ׼κŵรŵζ
ῴĸСϷҪϹĻᡣ
𣿰ˡ
װɵҲһ÷̫õһǴӸ湫ѧġ
ˣ˾ľۻҲҪˣ˵Ļ͵ȶһ£úõͻ
̫ˣ
ȸˡ
ȥ￪Ҹ뿪
̫󡪡ʺ󣬰ҺȻеˣٹˣϰɡ
ǡˣҵķЩʻʺȻʺϵĻʱ˰ﰧժ䡣ض߰ɣ
̫һҲκεĻܾùŮ뿪ˡ
ô
֪̫һϷˣҪ£ϣǲܵġ
ȻϣĸСӵϷ
⳰ıת˸
ϣ̫ȻʣȥҲҪˡ
˵꣬׼ת뿪ʱȴһסȵȣ޹䡣
ǡЩΪѵס֣Ҫ͵͵ջʱȴյøֻŴһֱ


3

Ҫּ
ƵζǱ֪Եľֻʲôѿ顣
Ÿ꣬ͱһ˻УеϣҪʲô
ûСһ޹ģ
˵ûУ
ô޼ɵĽַϣִϵĻȣ޷
˿ĻʧǡҪ⿪ȴͽ޹
㲻ҪݵĻҲע⡣ĶС˵æͣĶע⵽˺Ŀʱطɺ졣
˵ûķȷܶ˵Ŀ⣬ΪʺȻʲôصĶǣΪһ֮ô§§ô
ϣſҵĻҲԸͻҲⱻһ㡣С
䵭źԤ̧ͷסĴķֻݺݵ
ӸղżʱҪĳ嶯ˣ̰ļȡܰ㼰ζһװɫɴȹϻһķۺƵ㷢Ȼÿϧȴֵķ飬ŵĴȫӵĻ֦չ˵㲻Ⱦ׳
ŷһˣ̫֬Ҳѣ
ǳŷ飬£ıġ
һҲῴɣ
һ˲еĳǣһ£ָоǰҲйһŮϲŻеļ¶
ΪζҲָо
뿪Ĵ˶޷ƵĴϢšæƿϣ
ĺҪһŸղһ˿ƻգͷΪ֪۹⿴
޸ִ߰Ļʺ󣬾ֵ䵭ȴһ㣬޺ܺ档ָĻĴ
޽ڵһĻ֪᲻᲻һ᲻еأ
԰ӿ˺ü˵ҾԲҵġϢ˵ҪйĻЩ˺Ҫİ
أҪҪ޵İ
ʲô
㵣תҪߣȴһʶͼץססҪȴھһҧֹ
ʹȻҧҰ𣿾Ȼҧˣ
ʧɫģɰˡ
ЦˣһοЦһЦȻøˡ
֪ôģҪԵղ˿ǣȫֻпš
Ҳ֪˹ǡҧгݵĻһС
Ǻ㣡úܶԲԣ޲ռȴҲԴϵõȤԨȴ޷õ㡣
аģȫһƵģƽĮӲͬ
޳ܣҧгݵ˵
𣿡ΪȻ˵ţȻһѱǰߡ
Ҫȥſң
־ƴȴȻ޷Ļѡ
һƬ÷֣ΪڲԲκεĻ䡣
԰÷յĸо˾˵رˡ
÷Ӱ԰
ٻӰ֮ǰĵطӴлعͱĶڵϡ
ʹʹһ̧ͷպÿסţסΨһ·
ûиղŵḡԹɵ䡣
Ҳ֪㵽Ҫʲô÷Ӱ԰ǽ𣿻ϲǲ׼κ˽ΪأСʵĿĸߴ
ٻӰļգҪһţﶼ׼ȥҪһȹʹӡ
ǡ֪ʹӣѡĬ
վǰǿװǿĴˣΪܵĿࡣ
ǰû¶ĵУʹľ飬Ϊһˣģֻվķ޿ɽΨһ·ֻ޵ĺ⡣
ˮ𽥸֣ȴֻתȥߵױ̨ǰһϸµӣžеԼие
ҸģиİûսѾעʧܡ
ߵİסļ֮еʹûнгֻñͬ۹͸
׼ޣ޲Ҫκ˵ͬ飡
ֻ˵Ұ޶ŭţץϸļҡţҪҡɢŸġ
Բ𣬺ˡˮ
仰׵ͷֻ𺳵Ķžӡ
˵ʲô
ȻתıסԲ𣡶ԲûҵĻҲҸɣǡҲ֪ǲ֪
ʹƿ˵䣬ίʹڴʱйԿڵǰҾԲԼƻߣҲҪи˰ңиǿůļҪĲࡣ֪ҲûκλӿңһȫǵģֻǡĲ֪
ĻڵϣǸίСŮڽ
𺳵޷˵ʱصǧı˪һ֮䣬ֻʣ˵Ŀ
øһ򽾰˵ǪڵĻҪ׿˵Ǹƻߣ˵ǴݻҸ֣ǿʹܵģķŭʧʹУȴ漣Ƶļ˲١
ﲻϵĿţԵĻҲ뵱ʺֻҪƽŮӾͺˡҲҪʺ󣬲ҪͻȻе˫ǿ׳ıĽ뻳С
Ȼһȴûƿ෴ģıסѾõĻзйеʹࡣ
˶ûп˵ֻڱ˴˵ĻаԼŪţ׵֮ʹʵ
޷˵Լԭûа취

֮ûҹˡ
ֻصƽ֪Լֱˡ
ϣˣҲⱲעҪΪһɷŮˣµĹһ
ȻΨһʧĻʺ󣬿϶ϻطĻʺǵһ
Ҳðɣ
̾˿Ŵǹ⡣Ϧҹ
¶ҳȥ䡣һæŵ¶˵
ǣ¶ҪֹȴֻЩݲٵ߳š
¶㣬﾿ϣôûϵĳ谮һ½СŮʡ
꣡˵ˣСıҪˡ
Ųأź˵ûҸˡ
ôڻʺֱǹеһԴһΪﲻˣҲᶯͰ˵ϡ
ô˵¶ʡ
ɵóˣҹҹޣˣӶûзӵĲˣƫƫƽǸ֡
֣˻ϵĺӣˣ
ϵڻûãԺֻҪĸȻ־лĸӹкĻܻΣʺλӣǺص顣
Ҿÿᢣε˵Լ޷æ
ʱܣҪ֪鲻̫ã޷κδ̼
֪ģҾԲ˵ġ
¶ߵ԰ϸӰ
ﱧƽʱ˿Ըһ㰲οͺˡ
ˣ湫Ҳк÷԰Ҳá
鷳ȥҷ۶Щ˵
¶
ãһȥ

粻֪ߵ÷Ӱ԰Ųþµӡеһжչ˵ʮֵƣȴѾˡ
̾˿ȴֵ
֣ǽΪλ
ѲٻӰĹˣΪ᲻µİˣ
ʮҪһ棬ҪΪѡɱ·ҲԸŰһ𷴿˵İţѡ񲻽ԼҲ˻ŵˡ
˵Ǽ䷿ʱһƬڰֻ¹͸һƬɫâڵһȫƻãȴĸһֱ˵ĸо
ߵױ̨ǰǰӡ
ٻӰһŮӣȻԵõһȫȫİ
Լӡ
СΪò˵ĺǻҪĶھͻ˫ַϣֻΪĻġһֱʮҸֱʮʱŸ׽ʥһΨһĶˡ⡣
Ϊ˵ֻûڵŮӣԺҲҪһĲŴϻ۵Ůӣ¶ҪΪһϲŮӣһ۰ӣֻΪϲ
ʮʱԸļ޸Ϊˡ
ǡ
ˮգ۾ĶžеԼȻĸо
ĺһ֮ȴиϻˡһְֺ޵ˡ
찡ôŲ˵ʹࣿ
еʱȻһ˫ֱ۴Ȼס
˭ſң
ʧҪĴ֣ôҲŵ˴̱ǵľƳζ
ſңҾͶ㲻ˡһ˽ж˿鶪ȥιһҵɷݺݵĴȺ֣㲻ſҵĻ˵鼱֮ҵ³һвĻ
ô֪޵Ҳбһ棿
Ķһ˲еȫѪҺ·ֹͣ
ϣȵĺ
ˣ͡˵ɿס°ͣȻݺݵĸһȵǡ
˺һǰḡ˺ˣͲʲô
ϣſҡþȫҪƿûиоĸҧĶ䡣
ԣ޻úġ
Ļһ쳱
үһֻȵĸо֪ǲԵġ
㡣̰Сһ˵㣬ǻһִŮ㣬Ĵѡ
ѾˣԲὫĿУԵһ棬һܰŮ壬žƾĴ߻ȼգĴ˵ľҵ˱ǱȰ˿иϸϸۼ
еԼĺ˹ɣͷʼġ
У͵һˣԲŻġ
뷴ʱȴӲ֪ʱѾתʮֽıֻױ̨ıԵ˲ѹ޷ܵϴĻȣ˫ƾš
㲻ףڱŮⱲ޵ģ˵ҵģңڣʹġסڣŮˣЩյķһͺȻͷסĴ
˵̲Ҫġ
ֲֵĻ죬ֹĴѾݺݵĳ½ָ٬ĴأеϱüӲҪ
ѣȴֻܽ˫ۡϷĺΣûǰδеĸоһĵܹ֫ٺ
ϣҪ޲Ҫ롣ĻĴľӻдĵطȻſںס٣ֻһ
ץסļͼҪƿܾ뿪壬˿̵ֻּš
ģõӣ˺ľԲ
ʧȥףպҲڱĿ¡ѾΪҸƻߣϣٴγΪһʱ嶯ɲֲĴ
ſң˵
ţ̰˱վۺɫ⣬ʵȡһС
ſңٴ
Ҫִľܾ¹µ
ɵǿҵĿķֻõȫûκεǣҪøȴͻȻСıˡ
Ůˣ޹
ˣʲô㰮ٻӰ㱧ҵĻԲ㰮Ů˵ġ
˫ųϰиеǰδеԶĵط⣬ʹΪƽˡ
찡ʹǱ
жеͬ鼰̣ȴ¹³ŮһΪе
Ҫ㣬͸ùԹɺáһ˵˽ͼǰͷķ˹
Ҫ
ﾪĵһϮȴܵڶʱȹӰҪ޷ײʱıҧš
ͻȻһ˫ǿ׳ֱۼʱ§סһʹת˱ӵĻС
ץˣ
΢ľĶ૵˵ţȴûڶλᣬ÷ǳĽÿҪˡ
㣬Ҫ
̲ס¡ֹһ󷢵Ұأ
ӿסߣһţưվǰ
۹𺳣ǱıƵ䣬κεӱܻᣬ°뷴ͷ
һԼǱħеļƷûκӵĻᡣ
ڵġ
ĵͷţȴ뻳ϧţȥˮǷݴӲйûм֮
ôܱĶԴֻҪһԻĵ۰ͻҲν

ʶʱ͵͵ǿ׳Ļ̰Ļǰģ
ԲȥԼеʹֻ̰࣬ǰݵ֮
֪Ǹ󣬿ȴĻ
Ĵٴεľסǿ׵ƷĿ̲סݳһ
ĺѹΪǰΪʹ˿ҲΪȴ޷õİ
Ҫޣ޻ú۰ģⱲ޶뿪ġ
Ĵƶ׶аϸµľҵǣҲûС
Ҫ
㡣
Ĵ˵˫壬ļ˿Ļɢ˵㣬Ƿͦ鷿ϵķۺɫҲȵĿע±üͦҪסԼȴɿĵͷһںסĻ٣һִһ鷿ôĴָָеһ㡣
ſҪֹȴֻķ˱ҷ鷿ǵһˣ٬ǰţʪͷ˫صŪţȴ޷Ļ䣬İŮ黳ɬ
㡭ӡ
ֻʶ˵ķȴԾļ磬ָҲļ̵ĺۼȴûкʹµŮѾ𽥵֮С
ƽ̹СƵ֮䣬ָؽʱߺнԼ˫ȡ
ԡ
Żظһ㣬ƴˣӵĻᣬһץס˫ȣȻǵвֱػУηǵѲ˷С
ϣҪʲô
µĿֹǰץ˫˫
Ӳˣ
㲻ǿңǡĻδ˵ͱݺݵסѾǰɫŮ˼Ͼʧȥƽʱǣķ˿밮廹ϵĿѾڴʱޡ
Ҫ
ϹٻӰͼǣȴ˸µĻ⡣
֪ںŨܵ㷢ıǰᣬ֪޺֮ǵŮˡ
˿˫ۡүָǡ
ɷҪͿҪ㡣
ʲô
ڻǲʱѾ³Ľϵ¿㳶ͷΪղŵɢֺḲϸµļŹĺڷѩ׵ļγǿҵĶԱȡ˿̵һ˿ңɢϵѪҺٵķڣûһŮ˿˷ܣ˿ѱԭʼȡ
ֻܺµǰˡ
˰
ĸԸһУǣȴֻŮ˻£ȫûаĳɷ֣ԼһйĹߣˮ̲ס¡
ĵıʱѾϵ·Ȳĸϣܵ˿ܣȴǿ׳ʵѹöá
ҪܾңҪǿӲȡ֮һźҪ뿪ңҺüįùµ
ķ·ػһ£Ҫһʹ֮Уʧлˣ˫֮䡣
ʹʹÿ޺Ϊָڴʡ
֪꣬
Ĵӡһǣ漣Ƶеʹ˲٣Ҳˣͬǿ׳һռһѾҲ뷴ˡ
ҲܵõĳֻнϣҪӵһ˵û䣬ˣǣȴֻˣҲᱻڻеζΪΪŮŮ˵·̣Ůˮ֮
ϣֽͷ˻ļСۣĿһ̵ĸܵϴȣҪƿ
ϣɲԡδ˵ϴ˯΢ͷǰ˯úˡ
ϣĻһȴûõκηӦ֪Ǻãֲҽֽû취ѣֻܾš
ݵӣ˶İ⡣
ѾˣĻһξ͹ˣʮָл졣
˽еСŮκεİ˽ⱲһõĻ䣬͹ˡ
Ķͷӡһǡ
ҵİˣĺңһǰ㣬ֻǣԶҲ֪
ۣ۽ǻ£̰ӵһҹⱲõһҹ


4

صңȴû뵽԰衣
ɩôӣ
С裡ôˣ㵵վԭأѾоŸµСá·ôˣôѪǲ۸㣿д̿͡
ҲСĵġҴҵĶôһ䣬Խֱңµõһ˵ĴСС
ʱѾˣȻδѣȴ
ǵ뿪÷Ӱ԰ʱȴ·Ѿϴֱ˺ˣҲ²˼µĺۼ
ôˣ¶
ңĹŮΪһҹδĵ˯ţȫڴУﲻ֪Ҫνˡ
ˣܲң·ƹ⡣βдһִζһ֪˼
¶Ҫԡȥ׼
ͷԼϸֵĺΣ̬Ȼݲȣ˿һ
ǡ¶ʣϵòҪʡ
¶ĹŮ߳ȥ󣬲ɿȴ޷һ˫۹⡣
֪һҪףǲĺġ
ɩǵڵߣСʣ㡭ǲѾ֡
룿Ŀһ£򾲡
Ϊҽʱûм֣ҲʧˣϻС٣٣
Цезë
˵ǵġ
ƭˣǰûʱҲᱻƭϵĺۼడҲйҼ๫˵ǺۣǱ˺úðĺۼมҹ
С裬߲߰
Գ׺󣬱๫죬˵ҲԽԽ󵨡
ɩǰҲŲ˵׻ʵʵʵ˵Ҳ˵ȥ
滰
ǰȴʮ˵Ůӣж۰ģȴ޷κ˵
ɩ
ĵڻҲ֪
ƭˡĻ¶ˡ
ԡ׼ˡ
á
ﲻһ裬¶ңڹԡĵط
ԡܹ˰ɴˮɢڵˮн׵򻨰ˮϣɢ˵ζԡصܷĿҹ鵱֮ãֻԴá
ۣ㣬ôû뵽ݣѹֻɩϲʱһ˵ζ
ҪѧĨһֵ㾫ȴζ̫Ȼ
ĿʱȴŴСѾͷҪϴ裬㲻ȥ
ҸҪȥֲûп壬˵Һܺϵ˺ۣúõĿһ
¶빫ȥﲻ
ʲôɩ
뿴ңҲУϴʱϲԱʶȳȥţҵһٳȥ졣
ǡ
룡
˵Щʲôͱ¶˳¶뵽ǰȴ¶ĹŮûнȥ
ǲȥźţʵ
ԡһϲԱߡ
รһֻڻȥ
ģ
ɩʲʲôˣ֪ǱʲʵóǻָһԾǿҲʲȻɡ
¶ҹʺ󣬵Ϊʲô֪֪
һΪﲻϿϦ˵ܾûнӵϢϾۣһϡ
һ£
ǰڶ԰̫ҪϸദĻᣬǻȴ÷Ӱ԰һ춼ûгͲ˵ʧǵģǲŻù˵˵
û˵ʲôֻ˼ţֲһ򶼲ϲɩκεǣôЩӻأ
һɩղǸģôһ飬Ͳǵģ˵Ҳˣòһɣ
Ǿͱʾֵɩˡ
̫ˣһֱҪɲŮòϣˡ
ãȥһֲ¶Ҹɩ˵һ
¶ģ˴Ҵҵߣû뵽ǰŲߣҪҵ˺ž͵ˡ
¶Ц軹лʱȴһңķ
ٵĳ嵽¶ǰе¶㣬ǻˡ
ţҿˡôʱأòǷʲô˰ɣ
¶ĹŮӭǰȥꡣ
ƽʺأ
ԡ
һϴ裿
ԣüͷȻˣһ統ѹʱԼ˯ٻӰķУĻҲѺ糱ˮصԺУڻҵεķ
ϹȴԼȻǿеռ
һ˽ȥˣǴ档˵صߣֻһȺ֪Ȼ̫͹Ů
﾿Ϊʲô£¶̡ǻߵӦ֪Щʲôɣ
ǰŮһۣ¶ûлԲԣ¶Щ̣ûпڵıȴ˵˴𰸡
Ҳûع
һ仰˭ˡѲɻϸ
е˶ϢȴûΪã෴ģǶϣԼΪһԶķޣΪҲûͻ۴ӱŮӿϼˡ
վﲻԶĵطĽŲ£ĿڰɴĽСӰԵܡ
ͲöıӦ
ǿԼģΪһ֮ѵ²˷ִ硣
߽ɴߵǰŷѾſԡر˯ˡ
ôʱ˯üš
ſҪȴŴСһϺۼϸµҲ˰סˣǱ˴ֱĶԴƵġ
۽ǻδɵˮԭؾþ޷˼
찡ʲô
¿ʼ߾Ͳ˶ͶͱӲκǿȵֶȥռһԸŮӣһֱǲԭµΪԼ£ȴֻ͵һֱ
ʱл㱸е˴ڣȻۣȴӭһ˫ϤһʱԼˮУҪȴСĻһӣͨһˮС
Сģ
ҪںȴСĺºüˮǺÿ촭ʱһ˫ǿ׳һסеĸľץס
ôˣҪҪ
ıĺ˳ЩܵŵĿϡ
վڳнıϴӱУ˵Ļ֪Լöκġ
Ǵһ·µƵģԺȫӰӣҪһ˿ļε˫ӡ
ϣ
뵽ʱȴ˶ƿĶʵ
æתҪԡأĶһ
һȣҪȥһ죬ץСһ
һϣҪʲô
ҵĿҲ޷֮ǰʱ䵭񣬴ʱһ˿ңֻĶסЩйĴ⡣
޵ĻʺƺǷһĽ͡
ѹסڼ͸ļʱѸٴĻȣԼı㡣
ң
ԣ
Ҳ֪
˵ҪԽһѱ𣬴رߵΡ
ſңûд
ֲ֪ں
ϣ󵨵Ŀ⽫ͷѲһ飬ֻֻӡ
յĶǰɶ˵ͺ𣬡㵽Ҫʲôҵ·
ʵ㲻úߣǷޣ𣿡ᴥļӲĴ˸
Ϊ޲ûڹΪδҪѿأ
ޣǲҪ㣿
ûĳֻͷָŪţǸεĻ⡣
ĻȻ̧ͷҹӣ𽥸һ쳱
ģԺȻ֡Ҫ̻ƵĿҰռһ
Ҫ֪ǲѾΪʵķޣ
ҡҡ֪˵ڡ
ס°ͱ׼ӱܣǲҪ㣿
۹ֱֱ֪˵ѣҪ֪˵һϣһ粨ˡ
ǡƽ˵Ůշ·˵ס˱˴˵ĺ⣬Ҳκε޷ޱϿκ
˲֪˶ãһþԼδŴƣҪѰ·ʱȴȽһϡ
ллС˵ӡ
û뿪ӽıסĶеһ㵣ȴΪ֮ĸܻκεĸı䡣
ˣǹġС˵
Ȼıҽڣü
㷴𣿡ץס˫ʵ
ĵͷ
㣿
ͷû˵ϵ˺ȴй©ֱĶԴ
ĿƵ׵ץʣô£Ǳ˰ģްǿͷ
ҲˣϣһУ֪ⲻԸģұ֤һˣһһ
ϣٱȥõĻһӵźź
Σ
۾һУɫ䣬κŮ˵ĳҵĳΣΪһ֮õһҹŮӲ֪ж٣ȴ˵һֱһΣ
̵ȥǾͲˡ
ҪԼӣȴͽһͷ
Ƕ𣿡Ŀ쳣ᡣ
һУ֪Ҳϲ
ˡ
ʲô
෴ģûһŮ˿꣬޺ı֣޾ӽҪޡԣɫѸתΪ԰ףģ·ʱ赹Ƶġ㲻ԣ˵ԼһҪ÷Ҫľֻ뵽Բİš
޲ԣ
ҪŮӵǳ˶ٱӵܾҪܷģǻʺҲһ
Ҳ㵽ôһ㲻÷ϣǷޣұˣ֪Ǻҵģ֪֮
ԣ
˵Щȴû뵽ȻûķӦΥԼ˵ԶңҲģ㻹ǿȥŮˣҿԹƽҲģҡ
㣿ĿΥ㣬ȴⲻһ޵ÿ㣬Ҫ㣬ȴܷǲҵģҲʹɣΪ߰ŮӣɷȴֻǸйĹߣ͸ļŮһ֮ͽ㶪һԣΣ
ɣ
ִȴһϤͼҪ¾ͱһץסĶӳ¶˴ѩء
㲻ȵϣҲ¶
һֻ֮ɫһŭĳš
û뵽ĻȴһЦˣһ֮Ҳ߰ĸǣǾˡ
˭Ǿ䣿ſңҵҪˣ
ģӳĵøӺޣɷĻ꣬Ȼ̬ǰηľһе֪ˡ
ϷȻúܺ档
㲻ǻʺֻһСһܳ谮ġ
һʱѿ˵ԼĻԣл类˺ݺݵĴһƵģӱýӲûֻ鲻ԽĵͷĴһǡ
ȫûĺ⼰ʹеֻһֶĵ۰ȴǰǿԵǸ޷ܣֻţ̽Ҫſӭʱûκεķɵɵ촽롣
ʱӱֻ֮űȴס˴ΪȼĻȡ
಻֪ʱķɿҵĻӶе۽޷мܵĻʱһϯȫԼֱӦǡ
֪˶ã뿪˵Ĵžֻ˼ٵĴϢһ˵ĿֱĶţ˾ܾŭȴһֲ켰ȡ
ֻһǾ׵Ŀ
ҪģΪȴǿİƷ֣
ϣ㡭иеȵĲڶ̬ȣȴ̲סϲҲ뷨Ѿ˸ı䡣
пǲұ̫ϣ
ȻſϵıеʧΪղŵʧˣȡ֮Į
ת䵭񣬼Ҫ˵Щʲôվû˵ڣֻת󲽵뿪
뿪һǿҵʧϮĵڵϣĿˮƮ򻨰ꡣ
оԼľЩһ˺ƬİҲЩһƮˮϣûһͣĵط


5

ôˣȻϹռе
ģʲôħȻʹǲɢٻӰĵߣҪúõϧ
ѵˣ
ͷٿظԺ类סʧ鷿Уû˽롣
Ǽŵϲ԰أҲǧȢظ湫ˡ
ϣ԰üǰˡ
ôò²Ĺͷóմ˰ɣ
ϣֻһǼ⻹ûзӦ
԰ߵǰһصˤڼǰ
㡭ⱻһ
ѽֲСĻһ£ĵȥ⣬֪˵꣬ڼŭʱ԰ѾľϹ񣬺Ҳ÷Ƣ
޲ǵ빬õ˵
԰ЦϣҽֻҪСû
ˣҵﲻ𣿡
СȴΪӲŻģҲҪ˭԰һ䡣
ΪС޸ͬеͷǸľû뵽л
ϰ䣬ǵǺֵܵĻ޿治
ǣҪúչҵӣǸҪС
԰ع˵
ˣ޲ŲҪǸ鷳ء㻹ǺúõĻչĸӰɣ
˵ȴֳذС
뿪̨ϣɣ
лϡ
󣬼Ϊһ衣
ֵҲþûˣɺãǸСѾͷûаڵʵ
԰ԣһĨĵҸЦݣʵ˵С
ģ
㰮Ļһо۵ĥˡ
ĻһȴֻЦЦ޼ǵ㲻ܵģû뵽ҲӰһء
ҲǲţֻûС֮ǰûּ¶ĸо
¶
һĸӦһ̲ͻòģҪʱʱ̰߲̿ŻᰲģϣʵֻҪһоҸŮӣֻҪһˣһ˶һŮʵһӵ뷨еѣҺұŮ˲Сʱǻʹܡ
԰ĵ˵Сİ⡣֪Թ޻ڵȥ۰С裬ҲֻŮӿԵõİΪͬİġ
ϣϣ
ռ˭أڼ˼ʱԺиֵ˾ȻٻӰ
ȻһһŵĹâȻ٣ȴޱľ԰صۡ
ϣ뵽˭ˣ
ûСӺһ㴼Ĳ裬ԼĲ
ϣ֪ʺѾˣ
˰ɣΪʣü
ȻᣬҲܲйػλ̳˵⡣
ⲻ㵣ģ޵úеӶӡ
ϣûлֻٳٲʺԲվֽסڳ۷׷ףǲǻʺŻûų⣬ΪʺȻָΪԪ䣬ڳҪϸʺԲйػѪϣδĻĸǻʺһͿԼֵλı緢
˵û̫ӵĸǻʺȻû˻˵Ҳɻӵ֣ǡ
˵ϲϲʺ󣿡
ûлش
ϣˡĲϲʺ񵽲ܸͬ˯һĻͷ

ԣ˾֮°նҪعؾκεĵ񣬸οΪϵӣȻɷĲʱҪŬֺãҪĹ£صҪһ䵭ѹԳΪһȫǻʺĹʧ̵øӸ£οΪһ֮϶ûоĵչˡһûΪԼɷӣɷοΪһ֮Ҫʲôʲôû˿˵ġ
Ȳ԰˵ۺ˻ţ鷿ŹŹֵա
㡭ǵģɵĿڡ
ǣ
ıֳԹûһӵĸ󵨵ϷϺģ˵޲뻳̬
һֱûлɹ԰صģǸղһϯҪúõһ˼ϵˡ
ϣҶ겻ԲŲԸʹУ˻ʺ㲻ͿԴٻӰ߳ˣ
㡭˵öôȻ֪Ͳ֪Լ̫ܡ
ⰵֹš
԰аЦҪһ±ƵĳҺȢŮġ
ǣ°ҸͱΪֵܵ˻
ʵ˵ôȻ⡣
˵𣿻ʺ㲻ŲʣͲУԲЩ𣿡
Ҳû˵δ˼ѿ˵Ļ˵Ȼ绤ร
޵ļ²ܡû˵
𣿿ΪĺֵܣȴǸųһ޹ŮǸαѿĶ
˵ʲô
ʺû⴫͵Ļеξ͸䵽ϡ
޲øʲôΣĳƻ޸ծӰҸ޲ܻᰮһŮ˵ġ
ϣٻӰΪʺĳɵģԣҷԼˣ֪ԼֻǸСŮ䲻㣬ԲŻųѡɱµĲǻʺĳ֣ģΪİпһŮ˵Ĵڣȴ
˵ʲô̫ˣŭĳ
һܻΪ֪Щ԰ضһ£ΪǰϹʱͰˣ
ʲôϲ԰أ֪˵ʲôƾʲô˵˵һץ׺ݵ˵
ҵġ
ޣ
ͷʱңֻǺеİȴǸȡ֪жٻӰźǸ⣬ҿԿ϶㣬˾Ǹһֱ˵֮ǵŮӡΪǿҵӰԲŻǿԼúζӵİ
ްٻӰ⳶ҡţò԰Ϣ
ٻӰֻõĸ飬ǲǰ԰ĺ
ǵģȻɿ֣԰س˻ӵȫĵط
ֻʵʵ˵ҶóĻٻӰῴ𣿡
Ϊ˵޾ͻϹ֪СܺãСǷޣȻվǱߡ
԰ؾŲԸʵĺֵܣֻϣ߳ԼĵϸĿһˣһΪǸζĥŮӣҲǰġ
ûлشҲûп԰أֻޱš԰֪ҪļǿľԼųһʱûа취쵽ġ
ýǸ鷳ץȥ޾ǷһӶ˹ڲԵڲ԰صĶвü
ûȵһ֮߳ŭˡ
ε̾һת뿪ǸϽҵСӣص۵ļңҪһС
⹬Сûа

ⲻŵı漴Լкβɣɷһ֮Ҫ˭ͼ˭ʲôùǵġ
ĲͣսţܾŲ԰˵ĻܰϹΪıĶٻӰܾš
ŲңоȻһ˷ܵڴȻͣ˽ŲøĹȫײһ
ϣôˣ̹ĵʵ
޲ȥʺˡ
ǻҪڼĸĹУ
Ĭһ£˻ֻ
ˣȥʺɣ
˵ּǰߣ̸˻һۣԽԽ˽ϵˡ
ңֹⷢŮѾڴſڵȴţ¶һæĹ
μϡ
ƽ
Ҫ̤Ժʱȴ¶ס
ϣ
ôˣЩõĵ󵨣ΪϹ˾ͿԶ
¶ɫĲ֪ݣȻ˫һ
Ǹʲô
岻ʣκ˶
޶
һַƽвͣһˣǵԴͲˡ
ǸԹֱ˵˵Ļ˵Ҳϻкܶطȥϣ㲻ܽȥ
Ļδ˵꣬һתԺߣʱֵĿȫϡ
˵𣿡ίʡ
ǹĻ뺦֪֪˵ϻж¶ҧ
ǰϺòһʺǾ͸úúõԼӰѵܵóĻᣬ˶ԻʺĹۣǻʺͲõ
̾˿ҡҡͷ˵
Ųأ¶̵˵洫Ļȴܲ粵òһ˵ģ
˵ûǻҪһӣһеΪ˵ϼҸŮˣһŮˡ
ĮȫΪ˱Լܵ˺ǸͲԻϵһƬġ
ô˵
˺ŵ¶
ô˵ֻ˵ϵŮˣֻлʺһˡĳ˵ӹԵпġ
еİԹ͸Իϵİ⡣
ǣİȴһñ˪ˡ
ӵʹ꣬Գܵ˶ã
¶ԽԽ


6

ŭĳ뷿Уﻹô¾ͱһץ
ϡ
ôĵӣȻ޶㡭ôˣ
˵һ룬ͷߵ˶Ʈ֦ͷҶһ̱С⼱æϣ̧ͷǲ԰ֽɫŵˡ
ôˣʵмԼİ
ҵͷʹ
Ѿ˺һûȥˣһ֣ʱһ
û漴ԴָסĶͷһ󾪻ţͷ̣ǲˣ̫ҽ
Ҫ죬СһǼûмһ档
ȻҲ
Ҫҩҩÿ࣬ҲŲҪԣҶˮͺˡ˵Ҫƿߵߵˮȣʵϸղʱ´ˮ
СġæҡβĽԹԵĸ޿Ҫкˮͻõĵ
̲סȻϧԼӡֽסӿпϡסܵӴζĲļ˲١
ڷǲǻ䣿
Ĵӣоůģ޷˵ֻһ˫Ķ
ôıôࣿǺܺ
Ҫˮ𣿡ʡ
ţ˳ӵĵͷ
£Ĵϣúܲڣ˫ƿȴһѾĴߡ
Ȱɡ
һ촽Ϊˮһüҡҡͷʾ˲ٺȡ޻̫ҽ
Ҫ
æץסֱۣŷԼ÷ǳȵϢϣȻƬƣæͷٿ
ôСһҿСɴôǺãȻ߶ţȴʼĦıҪе㡣
ҪҺȵˮ˯һˡִ˵
Сʱһ󲡣ſൽͷҩŵˣȥǲ򼰺ҩġ
ٴν§ڻУУ˵ҪҪô
ǸʲôŭĳôףҪǿҿҲ֪㵽ʲô̬ڲԵ˵Υ֮
Ļɫһ䣬޵ĹĶǶޣ
һ˿˵ĹâܿͱŭȡִŮ˵Ѿƽʱӵĳ̶ˡ
ҡԲ𡣡߲ѵĵͷ˵
ȴŹ°ͱ֪̬޺
ҡҡͷϮǿסʹ
ٿز԰׵̡
Ҫ㿴Ҫɷ޵Ҫء˵꽫һѱȥȻСķڴϡ
̣
һĿû뿪ϵԽԽ԰׵ɫоֳصĲѹؿڡ
ֻ֪ԼܿٵģϹﲻ뿴ģеһ߰Ʊ籩ϮС
ϡ̼æӦ
̫ҽʺˡ
ǡ
ȵֻʣ˵ʱš
ΪʲôҪã֪ķΪʲôǻ̲סˡ
ΪġкȻһ仰ܿĽ仰ݺݵ˦ܾٶκֵ뷨
Ҳ޲ΪһСɴ󲡣̫ˡ
Ļ˵˵㣬һ԰صĻŲϹκεİ
ԭˡ˵
ı۾ϣ붯һΪܣһٴܵ˺
޴Ϊʴһ㣬ΪԸһλᰮ̫ɵˣǿסӿᣬǰԳһ档
ڴ£͸¶һ֪ἰϧҪӵýģĻУоůȫ
Žë԰׵εӰֳ嶯ҪסƬ޵Ĵꡣ
Դõ֮ԺȫӰӣ㾧Ө͸ĽĴ˵ζĻģ
ϣҿ޷ˣ㲻֪ȥӡĿڣж롣
ҽڴߣ㲻õġõĻһ䡣
ȻҪȥұŮˣһɫ޹ĵһôҲɷ
ʵϣ˿̶ŮҲûȤΪҪŮ
ܲԸô룬ȴòһѵõľɫˣǧУġ
Լһֻϵκεĸء
ǡ
Ҫ˵뿪ʱѾһԼʮ˽롣
ϡԨ򼽹˸
̫ҽʺ岻ʣ
ǡ
Ҫ˵ˣǵӭʱֻùԹԵĽȥԨ
һԨͷ˵ʺǸȾ˷纮ҿҩʱãнҪرעûж񻯵ļûзյĻͻȬȬˡ
ͷ̣̫ҽдҩȥнϴǧ˲Ҳˣûʺ󲹲ӡ
ǡ̹Ӧ漴ͬԨ뿪
ЩˡָӶָģ
ϣ¶չ˾ͿˣҹˣҲˣҪϢ
Ļδ˵ͼ򴲱ߣ켰ֻʵĿ£˼ĵͷסеĻȫ̵С
ҪӱĴȴķȽǡ
ԭֻҪͷһ£ֻҪ֤ӮˣͿԷſʱضԡ
ȴԼ벻Ĵꡣ󵨵ĿУøԭȵĿҲǿҵڻˣķ
ĽһǿĲܹģһǿĵͺĺݳ
ֲľеĻӦǣ˲֪ӵ˶ã˭ȽҲ֪
صĴصĿռ䣬̧ͷϸ˿̵ıһ˸ҪĹâ
һ˶Ů˵Ŀ
ƭ޵ģ֪ҲҪ޵ġһĨаЦݡ
Це޵ݣҪƿһղžȻеӭǣҪˡ
߿ҪңһᴫȾģɲ
޲£޲Ҫ㣬ҪúƷһº߰ˡ
ҪʲôӦͱʵֱӵĻС
ķԣͷľǣǵҪƿȴûֻͽ޹ƾ
ϣҪ
Ϻ㡣
ݽǶǰĻԲӣס˺
Ҫ
Ľһ˫Ҫסǰ컵Ĵ⣬ȴ̫ˣ۹رȣҲü١
ôܲ
Ŀ޷뿪ǰҰ˵ķѩŷۺɫʵͣջҪſƷǷۡ
ֻһ˵ġ
ӵ뷨е˷ܣΪһȼͲˡ
ķ鲻Խĸأȴʧţͷſںסһߵķۺɫ٣ĵһ
ϡԵġ
϶˵ľܾĽתΪŻĻǺЧķ
۵СʺǸŮˣôУһͿôķӦ
ͷϧĸһǣ߹һĨ΢Цǰὴģ΢Ũܵķ˿ɢϣ޵Ľϣоֱϣ·ҪΧס
һϲ޵ɢŷ˿ϲǵͷֱۣǵʱȴûַУ˷ܵĸоһԽ͵ҸС
ϲţķۼոֺΣ߿ɰģҪúͷġȻǿҵĿȴһĪĵķ
ȼһشصС磬ǵ岻ԾҪĸ࣬˿Ҳ𽥱ĴԵĴ

Ҫ㡭
ԼĲȻ֮£еĻӦ
ỽŴЩڵļ飬ĶоеķЩֻΪС
ΪնԵÿҰӣǷݴڵİἢʵ£һ˿˿һˮһķ
ҪҲܰ
֪ԼҪֹΪǲ֪ΪΪ޼ɵȫ
۾ʱһ̰ŮӣԼʶĽʱеǳ
ſۿޡ
ϲܵʱȴ˫۲ȥǰһУǻӱ
ϲķĸо
ſۣĿĴϢļ٣жĿȻһ
ޱʱҪĿ⣬Уÿһ˼ֻޣֻޣ֪𣿡԰ԵĶӱĶ
ԻϵңɷңĪĴ׻΢ظ¶Ӣš
ۣΪĵķָķ˿ⲻȥעĶж𺳡
ɷ֡ƽĿڻش⡣
ǲܷԽԽһɷӵӣ֪ԽԽһǿյŮӡ
ľѺ޷ȥעһС綾һԶ룬һֻıů壬ҵҪ۵˫
ȴԼöԲٻӰгȫ
жķٴҪС˼Ѳˣκλ
ǿºѣΪǸͲǷޣ㲻ҵɷҵ㲻ǡñ˵
㲻ҪѾ޵ˣⱲӳ޲Ҫ㣬Զܷɷʵ
Ŀ˲вʹԨ
ҪſϷŹңҲҪٹˣҪƽ̫ˣȥ²⣬ٿʩһ㰮ܹȴӡ
ܻеģŸ˵ˣΪ߰ӲͶġЩϧĳţܡ
ЩǿŮ˻һӵʱȥȴģһûаһӵĵȴǲֵõġ˵е뷨ٵһȰŮˡ
˼޲Ҫȴˣһ˿ŭĻ⡣
ҪǸˣвԾ¶ǿУȴ֪
֪ŶӵһμԿƵ飬ΪԼεúܺãԲŸηӭעӡ
ĸовš
ôĹâһֿ˾꣬һ֧ȥǣ飿
¶İԹ飬ǣΪ֪飬Ҫĳ嶯
ʵһμϹʱͰˡ
԰صĻͻȻԺ죬ĺݺݵһ¡
İ
ٻӰȻ뿪ӣת򴰿ڣ˿ȺŻĿͼȴĻȡ
ů뿪ʱһǿҵʧϮķֽ·á
ĿڴӢͦݵӰʱĸеʹʹ
ԭΪѾǿԼκʱֳ̣ܹǿһ棬Ϊĸ߰Ļ̬ȣ˺ĿԴ֮һжһˡ
֪һжһˡ
˿˴ߵߣһȴû˵Ŀ漴ڴҹк¡
Ŀ˶û˵ֻվţ˿ǵаŲΪ֪ܡ
˲֪վ˶ãԭҽֵתƽ͡ɫᣬбͷγ˵ĹΣζ˵ӣǶĸо
۹ⲻԾ΢ͷ˼ϣȴԵ̬¹µ͵͵·Ů
ҲĿ̫ȣʹע⵽̧ͷӭĿ⣬ƽĿڵϣĺԹҵĻ檸ԸܣΪ°룬ҪԼ޵ħжʧȥң޻ɱһ˵ġ
޵Ԩ㣬ûʸ˵Щ
֪һϣܶҹƽһ㡣ҧס´Щί
ܻṫƽġΪٻӰˡ
ѵһλûˣʵ
ûлشֻǳĬ
Ϊʲô飿ûаĴڣ
УȴƻˡĿⲼһĺ˪Ķˡ
һǹɬӲѹǲҳеͻữеǹԹȫµ
ڲ԰׵ڵ·ʱ赹ƵģйĪĳ嶯Ҫվ
Ϊ˵ԲͿԻٻӰı
˵ֻ꣬˫һ򣬶ͷݺݵĲͣڼӲĵذϣһеܰɣӦõġ
㡭
ĿһֱŶԲ𣬼Ŀͷľġ
ʲôŵȴƿ
ҪӦá
ˮ緺ĵĺӴƴڵϿͷ
ΪͿ
Ļδ˵ͼȻ̧ͷʺѪĶͷˮҲͣί˵ģһ
ĶͷѪˣ
ں޵ںʵһʱ˵
һƻң𣿡
ͣţʹ༰ίڴʱˮй
̲סȴ
ҪңŴеڵСһ¡
ʹ޵ģؿھǱ˺ݺݵĴһȭ㣬ܵζûйġ
ìܣţĴСҪ뿴ޡ
ҡֻΪӡҵһοһֻһӡҲһҪʺ󣬾㵱Ҳãҿӵ㣬Ķֻһ죬ҶԸ⣬Ϊһ֮Уңһϧҵġڣҵ˸߸ϵĻʺƹܺ󹬵һУٻȨ죬˭Ҹ𾴣˭ĽʺλӣȻ˵ҪĲЩ
Ҫʲôʡ
ͷͣĿţͷͣҡţǰҪʲôҪ
Ҫʲô֪ΪһҪ֪Ĵ𰸡
ΪʲôĿеʹΪʲôģ
Ϊʲôвͣš
Ϊ޻ţ㵱ĻǰͽȻʺԸĽⲻһĽ٣˽̰ĵŮˡȻץסһ·ͻ˵ļҡš
ԭҡΣҪҡɢˡ
ǣǵģҲҪЩαĹ٣ϴҡͷƴķ
ҪʲôҲ̲סĶ


7

Ҫ㰮ң
˵ܡ
˵ʲôĺʹһ¡
ֻҪ㰮ңΪʲô㲻лõİǰϲü޸㣬ʱΪҸŮˣһ֮ӵԺʮһҪ޸㡣ǣҵϲҿһɲǣȴԶǶôҺ£ҸûȥԹޣķŭŻˣҸеʹ
𱸵۹ϣԹпɵ˺ô
ĻҲϸңҸ֪ʲô£ֱ˸㰮ŮΪ㱻ȢҶɱˣ֪ҵʱǶô𺳣˭֪ȴҪΪһԴҹƽ𣿡˵ţǳģһС⼱籩ݲһ
ƾʯĳ˶
һԭаδᱻɷ޵ϧŮ»֮ҹԼɷĹȴֻܰĿ籩ֻ꣬ĬĬĳԼ輰ʹࡣ
һҲһҹ
»֮ҹҰһ嵽ǰǵĶֺֽУֻΪ׵ǰһϣٻӰѡϵɱҲҸ
ʱͽеʹŭȫƸ»Ϲ˺õĶ񶾻
һŵˡ
˵ԼĻʱеһĲֻıữȥȻйůעС
ȻĽ§뻳С
ҪҪƿȴø·ҪԼУһӱš
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
ôεĶԴ
޸ôźãҲʹࡣ
İٻӰϹζԵԼģζԵȥİˣ
һ˽ˣ̧ͷ㽫İȫһѾڵˣҾܾķ棬ҿİ󼰿ҿŮ˵ĻУȴϸһ΢ЦʼҾ͸ԼҪٱȥĮںҵʹΨһ֧ȥҲǸ߰ǿԼֳġһֱֵúܺãǡ
ƿ˵̨ΪʲôǲϷŹңѾΪ޲ɼİ븶ʹĴۣΪ㻹Ҫ˺Ǹʹ˿ڣΪʲôҪҿ֪֪һֲ֧ȥģ
վ¹ݵӣֱǰͣ
޶Ժܲƽ𣿡ʹ˵ôһ䡣
еˮٴģߣ̲סš
ֽ뻳УڱһԼΪĶͷȥˮҲ۵ͷ˿ڡ֮£ٸеʹˡ
޶ĺܲƽԲԣ
ǸμûڵĻǿװļǿֽıĻоķޡ
رйϧ§ͷҲ޷Լֻк޶ȡ
ϴϤŮ㼰ůڻģ֪Ժ󲻻ԹˣΪѾԼˡ
֪˶ãֻе˶֪ʱѾֹͣеЩԾʱͷһȴۣ赹ĻС
ӣȴûκεķӦ
ɫٿˢףæҪȥ̫ҽ
ʱеƻͨе˶æµиһ
ʮ𼱵ĳȥ̫ҽ¶鵣ǵĽæȴڵ龰סˡ
ֻһ䵭ļڴߣֽסС֡
Ŵϲ԰ӣеһǰδеĿ־糱ˮ˷Χס
ʧȥٻӰʱйĸоһĿУѲʧȥˡ
Ҫ
ȴһããĻУֻһ˹µվڰУĿ־͵Ϯ
ûڣ¶
ֻͷӬһĴҴ֪ʱȴһϤӰĳǰ

Ŵǰˣϣ
ҪʱȴѾת뿪
ϣҪȥҪҡ
µĺţæ׷ȥֵǣÿҪ׷ȴֻ룬ôҲ׷
ϣȵҡ
±Сƴ׷־̲סֻصǰǸųϹ
׷һطǰסˡ
ֻ÷֦ȨţлƬƬĻƮɢţ˵ζŷָӣ鲻Խ÷֮С
÷
ץסһƬƮİɫ꣬÷ŵļ
ʧͬʱһ˻Ĵ߻֮ò翴÷һ
ģҪСĵĺǻţ޷ڲпʵУŮӶ԰˶Ҳһĸɣ
ﲻ֪ػߵһˣ
ڴʱһϤڲԶ
ٻӰ
Ȼ̧ͷŷĵطȥȴ쿴˼⡣

ֻԼһ䣬ȫǱ˶ԭһ޷ƶֻЦӭǸˣг˿飬ӵϸǰδеԴȫûע⵽վǲԶһС
ôӣ޷ŵš
ٻӰ
˻еİԼ޻õİʹŮ˵ģú޵ġ
ǰһȴôڡ
һΣ֪һΣΪٻӰѾˣܻٳǰ
ͷס˶ľţоĺõһĸţʹѪ
Ҫϣ㲻Ҫ̲סʹס
ԭΪⳡǲڵģȥֻ溬ʹأǴʱȴ֡

һ£Ľ˫̧ɵķּһĿѸٳⲻεĹмø
ôˣҪߵǰʱȴߵŮһץס
ϣҪȥҵģǰҵģ㲻ҪŮˡٻӰϧģż⡣
ǡ
ˣĿ֮Ѳţ
û˵ֻĬĬվԭ
Ľһ嵽ߡ
һΣԸıʲôšȻеĻ϶иģԸıʲô
ϣǸŮƻҸŮˣһҪΪұ𣬲԰ٻӰĻ˵𾪡
ް૵ص
ٻӰֽͷתĴӡһǣҪ￴ƵģһĨĹâ
ϣ˵㰮ҵġ
ʱļ·ԻƵģרעٻӰԣⱲֻһٰκˡ
ĻоһΨһ³ֻ·һ
ҡͷ૵˵ܲ˵Ĵг嵽ǵһס⣬ľٶһŴ
Ҳע⵽˼鲻ԾʧĴվԭء
ѻôˣ
ûаĸֻõңҲ㡣ٻӰϸ˵ʵĻʱ˸е¡
ٻӰˣѾˣ㲻ôڵģĶ˵
ٻӰֻ΢΢һЦЦݾвĸоܾˡ
ǰŮ˲ˣһаĹꡣ
ûֻҪлңҾͻԶĴڣԶûлõġ
㲻ӵΪҪѡӱܣΪβһ𷴿˵İţųһĲҡｫеĲᶼ˵
㣡ٻӰı飬㣡еĴɵģ㲻Ӧ޸ϡ
ҲӦҲŮӵϻʺһСŮݸ͵˻ʺûд¸ҵΪԼ粵⻰˵ڵʱͻȻֽѵĸо֪ԼԼˡ
ǰҵģҵϻʺģٻӰǲԸʵ
ȻҪʺΪҪɱأǰ㣬Ϊ㻹Ầҵĳ֣㲻ǰġƽ
ȻٻӰԭԳһ˿ı飬аĹâ
һЦѽ˹ȥ֮ġ
ǸˣΪҴпѣԴ㣬Ͷ˵ʱҶûмʱҾ֪϶ֻһϰߣΪҴСһҲΪ⣬ֱ㱻ѡ̫ҲĿڱŮϣҪûзĸ֮ǰֹģҪԶԹ㣬ֻһ·
㾹ȻпķԼ·ҪΪңﲻǰŮ˵Ļ
ԣΪһھζԶᰮ㣬ҽԶУûһ˿ȡġ
ҲһӶòҸʹ֮С㲻ǰô˽
ֻٻӰһ䣬ɱ˵ĿҵģҪõ
ҰҾԲ˽ųŮ˵óѣһҸ
¸ҵ˵жԼİԲٻӰģİҸʹ֮С
ѾˣһţҲὫøġס֣ӱܣҪŬȡ
𣿡ٻӰһЦԼѡɣϣҪңʱ򼽹⣬ֻԭ͵ĿⲻˣĿǳޣ䵭ı顣һǰ»ҹʱᣬһµ˹ȵףʶĶʱѾݺݵ˦֡
㵵Ĵԭأһ˫˼ί
ްŮֻٻӰ޺㡣Ķ˵ɫٿˢס
ϹⱲӮҵġ
ٻӰһЦȻ˾Ͷӵ߽ɫ÷С
˲е÷ȫ㣬ڿзţǴѩͷ׵ľǰɫ÷𽥽ΧסֻܱĵĿš
ҪҪңҪ
ȻˣǰһƬڰӵĺ¡
ҪϣҪµĿ޽ţһ˫ֱѸٵıסӡ
£¡
ּᶨǰܾ˶ĶͷӡǣҪ£ˡ
챣ӣ˹ҹڼ䣬ĸһֱûˣʹģ޲Щ
ΪͷѪ˿Ѱˣǰɫȴʱʱ̵̿Ŀ顣
ϣû뿪ң̲סŴʵѸǰˡûиߣ
Ȼ֪˵Щʲôȴ֪˿̵Ǻܴġ
ûУ޲κߵġ
ǡץס½µ˵ҿˣ˵ң㲻ҪҡҺʧȥ㡭ĺ¡̲סؿڿ
֪Ҫ£ڣ㲻µġĺ
Ҹ˵Ұ㣬ҪҸȴЦҸԲΪҪԶռģ㲻ٰκŮˣҲ䣬ҪðӮеĹȣ˵ǲܵģԼѡ񣬿ȴˣһˡʵ˵
˿̵ź͵һ˵Ļ
еԼǿҵţ˵ÿһ仰е𺳡
˵ʲô

ͷסͷ԰׵㰮ң
ӭȵʱղ˵ʲô
Ȼ׿ڶ˵֣
ҡҡҪĻȴӵø
˵㰮ޣԲԣţӱܡ
ûС
У
㣬Ҫƾش⡣
עһû˵ʲôֻֽԼĻС
˿̵ָоǰδеἰǻĹļůʲôı̬ȣǱסĸоȴá
ůֽееһΣն˺ΪıԼ岻ٷղŵĶҲе£һְȫаΧȫ̰ľĻ˰ΣɵĿڣšǿԴͷʼ𣿡
ȫһȻ󻺻̧ͷϵ˼ǣ
޷ֽеζƵϣ㲢ƽҲ޷ϣĸоһˡҹ޺õģһ˯ѡ
ҺҲ˵Ϊ֪ԼڣˮֻǰȿҪһ޹ˡ

ԲٱԹޣеõİĻ
ǲǻУ
ղǸģǰģ
˺þãֻⷢ۾ſڲһԡò׿˵ҪͺõĻôķӦ
ղźһӻӽƵġ
ЩջȻҲĵͷĴסġǿҵģҲǿģǳеģԵϢĺУ޼ɵӶеۡ
˵Щ˲ߺŷԳȴֵߵ૵黰
һݳеѸٵȼˣǿҵĸоֻ˫ֽץ˫ۡ
찡û뵽һǾͿеתƽյǼׯʧӰ٣нʣһͷ뷨ȡ
뿪Ĵ۵ǣ̱ǰ
жǿ˴˵ġһķ˿Լָϡ
㡭𣿡͸¶һڴĿ
Ĭһ£Ȼ̾˿һŶ㹫ƽ㡣Ҫ㡣
ҪңΪʲô
ҼŮˡ
ֻΪգ
ǡأİ𣿡
鶸Ȼһúõġ
ڳһ𣿡Ȼ뿪ߣ˵ҪĲİ
㻹Ҫʲôޱ
ǰרעƽͷڷгĿƽʱӣ֪ԼжôҪ
ĿӵеȨƣǸӵȫµˣŮ˶Ҫӵеˡ
ҲҪ
ǿҵҲ˲ôˡ
ĻصĻУͷţҲı̫ࡣ
ֻҪڻϵߣ檾ˡ˵
˳ӣȴûһİˡ
ֻҪ߾ˣš
̫̰ĵġ
ΪǾůĻкĸо


8

ϣҵʱ̫԰죬ֹ˵ͨôĵÿĵˡ
վڲԶŵͷ΢Ц̫˵ĿⲻɢԾ
Ĵ
˫꣬ѻưۺɫıɴȹССЬͷϰ׹ĶҡΣγһ˵Ľġ
֪ΪΣǰǺûԽԽ޷һҲò˼顣
̫ЦִĶϣⲻԾҲȾǵĿֶһĨЦ
ܵõĸĻҲǼ˾ȵ飬ڹ˭֪̫нģе˼޷ĸϲѾ޵Сĸ۰֮⣬ֻܵô˶衣
ҲΪСɣǰ޷αװԼŻÿһʱؼΪһ˫峺ľͳһһЦ
Ͱˣ԰صĻٴθԺС
ԽԽĸооԼٻӰֻһεΨĿ
ϣ̫Ҫ뿪ˡ˵
Ŀ뿪̫ϣתصϣû뿪¶ķıͷд
վ¶һСŮ
дʫ
֪һòԱĲŮûļʫ䣬Цȥ
ڴʱһСŮľ
Բ𡣡
ԭǸСŮĥīʱ򣬲СĽīϣۺɫ·ϲ˺ɫߵ㡣
СʩѾͷá¶ĳŴĵСʩæĹµ
ԲСʩ֪ˣϢŭ޵Ҳ˵ˡ
Ҫϳȥݺݴģ֪֪
ڹĸźòܣӵȨԾ³
ϴҲһСŮʱСĽЩϣϴһϴûˣȴ˽СŮϳ
һƬīϵѣ֪εڷƢչΪʺϡ
ʱﻺվߵСʩߣ˵ע¶޵úܲҵСʩ
ɣ꼸ꣿ
ҡʮꡣСʩҭ˵ܾŵģͬ顣
ˣʲôÿ޵ġΪСʩȥˮ
㲻
ᰡ·űͻֻ´һҪСģⲻīȲ裬ǻ˵ġ
ǣСʩԺһСĵġûʺᣬòԼȥĽ㡣ǽһŮȴΪźʱСģȻˡ
Сʩϵô£
﷢Сʩֱϲ˴ССѪ˿ڣȻǳ⵽޴
ҡҡͷ֧֧Ĳ˵
ɵѾͷ˵˻⣬һΪˣ㲻˵ô⣿ҲˣСʩĿĵ˺۲ɵ̡
԰𣿡һСڴš
¶ůЦݣе˶ɵˡһЦݣ˴ⲻֱסˡ
˵ĹŮ˾ͻǳңĽҲᣬֻұȽϲҡ
Ϊʲô
Ҳ֪Ľ㶼˵ΪҴ˲ˡ
ξȻΪʶһСŮ֣ʮߡ
¶Сʩͻ˵ĹСתߵͤߣżµϦ
һ
ķӦе˶е죬ôԸһ޹СŮ
Ϊһָ֮Ǿ֮ͣô䵭
һصһ£ĵŮӣ
СʩҲˣŪһ漴뵽ղ˵ԼӵĻٻȥ²
ʱһԵ¶ߵСʩߣҪСʩʱæץס¶
¶㣬ôҲôģ
ﲻˡ¶Ķ˵
ǡ
š¶űǵӰĵ˵
ڴʱ﷢һЦȻתЦǰˣŴղŵĮˡ
¶治Ǹ˱꣬˽ҵġ
㲻ô¡
κҪ׾ٵ£ҵùǵ˵Ļϵĳӣ˵ĲǶԻҲţÿĹҴ¾͹ˣҲţ
ĿСʩϲ㣬һҲҲĻͻ᲻ˣҲóԵıӸҳˣһҪ㣬˭Ҳûбأ
ɵĻ˵Ǽȫˡ
̹˵Բˣ
ɣҪȥһɾķСʩ˯
˼ҪСʩ
ûĿ¶ϣ¶һ˵ҪСʩΪʲô͸˵ͣ࣬Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ
Ǳأ
΢΢¶һҸЦݣģһ˵ġ
ǸˣղһĻ̲
ûлش𣬿ȴһŮһָжϧ
˵˼仰ת뿪ҲЦβĽŲȥ
صлϸɾ·󣬶һԵĹŮԸǿ£һ˾Ϳˡ
ǣ
ߵױ̨ǰ£ûע⵽иĽ롣
վſϸͷưĳˡ
֪һŮӣʮߣСӣһǿҵš
ħƵĻķ߽˫Ĵļϡ
Ĵһϸļ磬˾Ǳһĵ
£ޡ
㡭㡭찡ôˣ
ޡޡôˣȡЦʡ
ٿߺӾкݺݵĵ㵽ҵķʲô
ȻĶСɵĶȫеһǿҵ飬æҪ㿪ȴĴƵϸµľϣ̵ǡ
ƺһֱ⣬ɷҪ쾭£ʱضԣʹޣҲ޵ġ
Ե޷ɵƵĿʱæͷԼĲڣ֪Щĳ
֪Ծ޵ĺÿɰ
ɰ
˼ҪʲôѾͷסĿڣţ·ͨǻӽ
ϵǿҽӴϵ޷ܣĸжУûκεķҲ뷴
ŨֲĳǺķſҲһֲŵ죬ܿڸסˡ
ĴԵḧĽеԼǿҵĿţΪʧء
·ΪһҸ
ã˶ûпڣֻǱ˴ԵĶţпһἰ飬յ䵭顣
ӿһǰδеĸжȴ·һôľá
ö𣿡
Ĺۿһ죬ԼҪĲŶһޡ
öˡСĻش𣬵ͷûп
ûаʱҩʡ
Сʵƭġ
𣿡
ûпڴĻԣĿȴ䵽ϵ档
Ŀ⣬һ
ˣˡʬ𼣡
޽ǧ˲Ҳ𣿡
ֽĿһ档
ˣûкȣϵ֪һֻʡ
һЩҩҲˣ
ҺˡŴ۹װһ޹ģ
벻ۻʵǲڵģߵǰһ룬Ŀֱֱı
ûа취˵ʱק˵ʵǴڣֻûкȡ
Ϊʲôߵߣʵ
ҲϲҩܿҮűӣҩСģ̲סһѱǰ
ѽҪʲô
ҩ
ĴϣܵеڣȴΪĽϵһҩݵĴߡ
ȰɣĻôãԵ
Ҫ
ȵĻ޾ι㣬ϴκȾ
Һȡ
û˵ֻ꣬æеĿҩˣЦá
ѵô
ϧһҩ
ˡ˿̧ͷ
ͣ˵ͷһǡ
찡֪һƭӣôĿҩ
ҪβǿƷȫҵĶʵġ
һٲԹԺҩĻ޾Ѻȣ֪𣿶ĸպã޺ϲεġвţҲѵ˳ӵĵͷ˶оɼģܸǿһദǱ˴š
ˣĸ˵Щʲôôģ
ô֪
޸ղȥʱ򿴵ģĵôģҲûдˡҲĸʳһЩε⡣
ʲô£Ҫ֪รѹеĺĻش⡣
ĸ֪ǵˣԽȥһЩ⡣˵̲סͷҿʵϲֻһ㣬̫Ҳ˵һҪ׽סϵĵķСʱҲ˵˳˲ŻЦġ
ĸ֪ѾʵʱһܸˣԲԣֻＱæסҴֲֵֻܾǰƵĶ
ûУĸֻҪһ㻳кʼҴãϡҪǶֵĴַɢˣߺְס֡
ǸТ˳ˣĸҪӱǷ˾͵úúõŬ򹼸˼ҵһƬĿɲã˵Բԣ
ĴκεĿʱͷסĿڣһѽϵķȥȻķ
ͷϵ˿ڡšûκγªİ̺ۣ̫ϧˡ
Ǿ°̺Ҳı뷨ĿŮӡ
ҵ˿ںˣҲˡ
𣿡
¶һĨаȴԸޱȵΣЦݣеľӴ졣
һ⡣
Ȼֻ˵ǱʾԽ޵۰𣿡
ϣ֪˵ʲô𣿡
ŴȴгĿŵ·Ҫ̻Ƶģ̲סĲ
Ҫޡ̧õ°ͣӭĿ⡣
ⲻǸ󣬶һԵ
ʱǿ׳ѾѹСϡ
ϣȷҲ̫ᡭ
ĵǿ׳ʵϣŶĹâĿԵȣȴҲڲԾɢһеĹâ
еǷݶǿҵİע£Ĵӷյи֡纣һĽգжģһǿҵıռ
Ҫ
ɳй©˿̵С
ûпڣȴ¶һӵЦݣĽߵģֱҪ˵Ļ꣬ĸԸһġ
Ҫ
ƿ
ɷ󰮣ΪӵҪģοˡ
ӵֽ⿪ϵ·ֱֻʣһɫĶǶ
סĿⶨһѩ㾧Ө͸ĽеԼѸٱûȼӲ
ｫͷϵķΰٲĳֱй˿ļ޵Ůһ
ķۼȾһĨߺ죬Գɬֻһ
Ψһˡ
һ֪嶯Ľסȴʧ޷ƶӣֱһףǰŮ˶ԼжӰرĶ裬۲ת飬̹ʲȫͬŮӡ
֪Ů˽ӽĿģΪһ֮ӲȱŮͶͱҲЩеõŮӲСԺ󹬵޲߾ֺܵڴ֮䣬ǴŮҲᱻѵɴϵ֡
ӡ
ȻģҲԼ¶š
ȻģΪ¶ʧʱеˣһŮԼӵ
ͻȻĲԾճյе
ϣôˣǲҡ˵תͷȥһӿͷ㲻ϲ
ˮۣǰ·Լ׸ԭΪҪģǾҪץԼ·ʱѸٵİס֡
Ե
ޡ
Ҫҡ
Ļδ˵ͱһѽӵ뻳С
ģҪ㣬ֻ̫ǿҵһʱʧˣԲ𡣡˵ез··һȫӿЩмܲסǻǿԼס
ݳһõ̾ϢʱҲ޷Լ
ȵĻһļ·ҪļǺţҲԾĻӦ
ĿҰǿҵĿŵˣûиκĻᣬĴѾģ˫Ƹһӵ۵˫ͷԵ˱࣬ģĳԵеһü
ԺкȻһͷٻӰҲĿ
ͷеʹ࣬ӲһҲĲԾ
ôˣŪʹ𣿡üĵʵ
ΪӢӣпӰӣһŮˡ
˿ҪǽٻӰĴƷ
̲סԼĶࡣֽĻסľûУңֻҪúõİң
ҪٻӰ£ǸŮˣţһеõİ
ĲӵеһУϢĿӣҲǸ߸ϲһȨƼλˣģꡣ
һʵҲ޷Լġ
İֻеų֣ǶǾ͹ˡ
˶İţעⱲĶֻһ˵ġ
רעôˣ
ûС
Ҫ˵
ɵĿڣ㲻ˣң벻Ҫһ֪Ҳٱ˼˵Ǹ
סʣ뷨
Թܹǧ谮һûмˣ֮ôݣϾʱиŮסĿ⣬ҲģΪʺ֪ʶ
ǿֻһˣھǿҵĺޣȴҲԹġ
뿪ߣһǿҵʧϮ
ϣ
Ҫһ룬Ҫ˼һĸо
֪޷һӽٻӰˡȥҲŮˣȴûκһ˿ְֺޡƻ޵Ҹ޷֣ٻӰģ޵ԽԽģ޾ȻҪģ޲ŻҪ㣬͸һ޵Ļ䡣Ӱȴ޵Ļ䣬޽ٻӰģøӳף޶ԲһƬ飬ԽԽ޷޵ĺԭֻҪĶĿʵǺԼģٻӰҲΪ޵ĸĶѡ֮·ģ޵İᶨŻẦ£ѡɱ
ϡ
㲻˵ˡ
ʹת˳ȥʧıӰþ޷


9

ΰȹһأ
ڴϾ˼áЩû¶˵һæ˹£ͽԼ÷Ӱ԰Уϼκˡ
̾˿˸ȴ˯⡣
ֽԼķ𣿻ıȥǸ˿ڵĴڣʮʹࣿ
Ƶ̫
⣬ǵŶԸҳĻҸκúõİ㣿
ıۣԺȴһ龰ǵĸЩչʱθѿĸ鱻յӰɱ
ҪȥʱȴһϤӰǰֱſڡ
ʱŻıƿһ㲵վ


ûпڣֻżĳ
޺üįһ˵ʱֿܡֻţĿûдƿǸܲˣԲԣ
ü֮ʹҲİԲҪκεܡ
֣Լů˫סӢӣһܰˣҵûκһͨԣ侲أǻۣһġĸϷ˵š
Ļƽ˼ûһŮ˵Ļվ˰ĵģƺֳȥеķˡ
û˵
ǵģֻеʧȴܴ㣬ҶģֻҪ߳ΪԼ
»ܾáЦ˵
ܶãҶġᶨ˵š
㡭Ǻοࣿô˵ȴ˸ж
ΪӣⱲˡ
ס֣ĴһһţԲ˵𣿡
¶һ۶ҸЦݣʱɵۣΪ㡣
ֻǾŶԷĿ⽻ʱǶܵһȫµĸ鼰Ҹůůĳڱ˴˵У·ȥԹȥʹĻ䣬ǿҵ˺ǣڴ˿̷ңɼ
ıûκģǿĻ֪ĸо
֪ȥʹѾϣҲֽıס
ϣҹˡ
Ҫ뿪ҡĶϰš
ĽͷѹĳǰҲ뿪ġ
κʱҪϢˣԶܾģΪİԶĻҪС
糯֮󣬼Ͳ԰鷿ġ
Ͻľ񲻴ǰ컹Ƚˡ
ϰ䣬˵ôСһԽԽûûСװĳ
԰ʼ磬Թҳ˵ģϲȻġ
ǵģС費ǿҪˡ
ǰ׼뿪ߣƫƫֳҪҽѾͷȫϣ˵ԺҪŰҵıͷҲ뵽ЩСҪˣѰţ޲øϽص
ֻ֪мҪһ£ȥ֮ż٣úõ޵ıСá
ģл¡ȵȣӦǽһȥԼɣ
ЩЦã𣿡
԰룬ǣΪҵİ޼δʮСҸıϣҪ
ǡ
ǾͺãҪʵǹܹʹҪͨ˵𣿡治ĸ˵鶼µˡ
ͷܹǰξТ޶ȣݳ޸еĹһ룬ټܹ¸ɺ𼢻ģν޹ȥֻгԿķ𣿡ĸˣκһ޹ȥԿġ
ǲԮֻ֣»պΣ
˼
ĿǰɸҹĹĹܹһƬǻӵһĹõܹͻǿҹػӰ쵽ҹİȫ
˵ûĹΪܹ赲֮䣬ֻҰҲҹʳֻܹȱ㹻ıʳܹҲǶԿĹϡ
ǵġ
ܹεľһôˣ
˵ξŷӻһб˫ȫӢֻ꣬ǰξµ̯ʵԽ
֮ǣҪæ
ǵġ
ͬһ޹ȥǵǣ
ܹһӳΪҹѣһҷܹɹѹأԸ⿪ܹͨϷĵ·ϣֻҪܹƾŦĵ·ҹľã⽻ĻͿԸӵķҹĹǿİ
ƹΪ˵ĹҶҪüµʱ䣬ܹԸƹʹһ·ͨҼطͿԼһʱ估·̡
˵ĺҲ赲ӵĹš
ÿԺ𣿡
ԣϣȥĹѡҪ¡
รΪʲô
ΪܹĿǰֻһʱȱõʲ֣ܹƬĹԴһҹټǰξĻӹܲŻϵù񣬿һŷӻʶɹѹأĴǼ쵼ҲһһǿĹҡ
ǺβҲѧĹһΪǿ
Ҫս
̾˿ҡҡͷ˼ǰŷӻʿΪ
пܣŷӻҲһúƽˣһбľӦȥĹǣҲĹĲб޵ĹƱػԼĹҡ
ǸˡΪιѡҲҪǿ
ϣȻŷӻһúƽˣǻǲܲбĵһ죬ȨеʱԻһ˵ģԽԽߵĵλıģǵĹŮռĵĻǲҲ˷ֱϡʺȨȻûа취ȻϸߣǺȴ£ѡ᲻Ҫ𣿡
Ϊŷӻһô򵥾ͻᱻŮ˿ƵˣΪȫµ˶Ů˵ʯȹ£̲ⷴס˳
ֻҪ㣬ҪСŮ˵ʱİ˲֪ǰжеķԸԼǰΪһĵЦݡ
ж̫ˣ޾ͲĲͬ
԰ֻصЦЦ𣿡
ǵġ˵š
㰮ϻʺˡ
㡭һʱվŪӣ˺ô졣
˼˵µĵһӦǻܼ
޵²ܡĿʱȻϺΡ˼ˣ
ڶӦʸڷϡ
Ȼ޿㡣
԰ЦվſڣȻתֶ˵һ䡣Ӧǻ߳ŭǣ
鷿ǰɽߡԡ
ϣҹˣϢˡ
ţĵĻһȴûдǰߡƿ
ϽҪޣ϶ûеȥ˻ӣҪҪȥ
⡭ˣһٹȥЩϺõĲƷӣȥˡ
ǡϸʺ˸ԽԽãÿҪʺ㣬ǻȴܲˣΪеĺкδ̫ӵļ̳Ӱ졣
ȻҲһ㡣УΪӵĸĻŮӣ޵Ǽע⵽̰ҰļĿ⣬кҲ⡣
һֱСĲκεУ뷨̫ӵĸ׻Ҫʺ¸Ҽвϧе¶䡣
ĺĽгɳǻһô㼰ĺӰ
ҲĶоһСڳɳΪǰǵĻм
һ뵽оȤһ˷ܵڴ
̣޽Ҫȥʺȥң׼á
ǣ
̹˳⣬һתͼһ޵Ůӽס

ˣ
ϽҪûҪ
ֻҪʧˣҪȥңȥˡ鱦ɣҰﲻæ̴ӻó͸鱦Ǹ˵š
ΪʲôϲǺʺ𣿡
νԽҲԽͰϻʺˣֻǰᡣǰǰ飬жô뿹ܻ񣬵վֹ˫ǿҵѹֵһˣǺܾ˵ģֻҪ⣬ֻºǧĶȫڹɫĻʺϡˣ㲻õģֻҪӵĻδԶбϡ
ϣЦһֻĻʺҲ֣СĺӸ㲻ʲôġοûлС
ԭΪѿûϵȫϣʱһỳоˣȴû뵽ӴûлգҪˡ
⡭Թ裬ʧҲУϾҲܹ谮ϵӣ˶ˡ˵̱תѸ뿪ˡʧıӰ͵͵Ӹ鷿ڣߡеļ⣬ٱӣе˼ʼġ
ס˫ȭָѪҲںݺݵҧס´֮ؿڷĿš
Ϲ㲻κεóĻģõһģˡ
㲻˵İߣһ㳹ʧģ
εһĨаЦĵǡ
æңʱһžͼڴ̨¹ߵȵ˯ˡ
߽Ѿһͷ£֪ϲ³ģһͿŵϸķ˿϶ɢһֵ㡣
ϵİɫɴ֣߱ûκε鱦ֻϸϹһС鴮ɵӣ΢΢紵ķ˿ϸɴȹҲγһ˵Ĳˣ紵ȹߵĿ洦¶޳ȳƵѩ˫ȣ˵ģеĵۣȡ
ǰ£עɰа˯ݡ
Ϧҹ¹µһָŵİմȾ¹⼰¶ˮɢ׵ҪռΪеǿҳ嶯
Ҳ˲Ż᲻һеռ
ǶĿռȴûΪõκεˣһദӽ˽ġ
Ӳ֪Ϳİеķռ࣬˯ݣһҸƽĸоĵռģ̲ס뽫ӵ뻳Уǰʧ
ûһŮӿǿҵռҪĿֻ
㰮ˣ
ͷʱԾԺУסˡ
ѵİˣ
鲻Խĸ͸ۼգ£ˡ
޳ˡɳƵй©еС
¶һЦˡ
鲻ԽĻһ΢ЦȻԼĻУСӸպñǿ׳ıסΪʲô᳤粻ô쳾֮Сʱпת޶ȥ
ֻһּĵģԲԣҲгʩҲ˵ڱ˵ҾͲһŮӡ
𣿡˼һߺ졣ô뽫ȥһ
ٻӰҲ𣿡ѿʳҪҧԼͷ
ֵġ
Ȼԭ飬һٻӰʱϱɫʲôѾˣٸˣ
û˼
޽Ҫ㳳ܵģΪ޶þͿΪΪĻжٻӰС
Ҫ˽Įʱֽץס֡
㲻ҪӱˣǰҵĶԲԣҿԴУı飬һһоǿҵİԼôܻ᲻֪أ
޲㣡ݺݵƿƿеһ޲㣡
Ҳţ
Ϊ޾ͿԵõʲô˵ް㣬˶ٻӰأ޹ΪҶ֮ǰˣް˺㣡
ıȫĻסˡ
˵ʲôＤǰʹ
˰ɣ޲ǰ㣬˵ںͲκӱܵĻˣעҪһںڰеУǷٻӰһ顣ʹĽ˫С
߹ȥıס
һģδ޾Ҳġ
ж
ᶨĴӡһ೤ǣΪ㰮ңİҲκεʹࡣ
ֽıţһԼİȻǿңǿҵԼҲе£ֻܽıһ֣ͻʧǰʧУ
¶ŮĿⶼֵֹģȻʲô¡
һֱϲſߣ˶ģŸ»Сһۡ

ϽҪ¶ʵ
Ҽշ鷿Žȥˡͷе顣
¶㡣Сʩ߰æʡ
ʲô£
֣谮Ӧ϶ҪЩ鱦ϺõôҪ飿ʲôÿ𣿡Сʩֵʡ
˵ĹмҪЩ¶ЦһСʩһۡ
ǰҲܴ󷽰ΪʲôҪ
СʩҸ㣬һǻʺҪʲôȱʲôġڶﲻЩϲĶ֪ʶһ˵۽缰Ľ翪ˣǻϣϲ˭һ𣿡
Сʩ϶˵š
ΪʲôǲΪô˵ġ
СʩҡҡͷΪϿԸ̸ö໰ȥ˵ʱ˵ΪںǻۣԲԣ
ˣԺҪѧд֣ɲҪһѽڣ֪𣿡
ǡ
˱˵߰ȥʱһ̫ͨ

Ȼ󣬲ǲɫĻ˵
ãֻһŮӳſڣĵͷ˵ʺǧ꣬檱밲µ̥ԡ
ԣķ·ػһ¡Ķлϵĺӣš
ʵк͸밲ģֻҵӲ̫ãԲŻôٲ
ʲô𣿡
ǿԼƽܴ˿糱ˮһķţȴεǰй©ļ
֪ʾģҲʡ͵ĵơ
֪ܵó裬һȫϳҲҸԴףֻǿںӵϣ檻ϣϿһĺӡλǿӡ֡
¶һеЦݣߵεǰֹĵʣģһ߻ģֻǲ֪˶ӺչĺӿǸҪúõչˣʧĻûˣ»һŭ֮½ǾͲˣʱҲث˵
ɣҽ˽Ϻõ˲͸㲹ҲҳԣȻҽ̫ҽΪӺúõļһ£Ҳ֪ĸط飬ҪúõĲһ¡
ˣ檸лĺ⣬һúչԼģ̫Ѿչˣ鷳ˡһ亹̫ҽ飬ͻй©ٻе飬ôС
ϹﲻۣԭҪĺ̼û뵽ȴв
̫֪ϢһҲܿİɣһȥ˼밲ġ
ЦʮֿģĶ
ÿµŮˣοʼеˡ
檻һ档
˵ɡ
֪֪֪ٻӰĹ÷Ӱ԰ÿҹͻ֣Ȼ޵ʮֵģǶ˵˵
˵ʲô
˵ٻӰΪϱİԲŻ᲻ĵġ
סڣ
Ϣŭ
ǿԼһʧءҪ˵޻Ĺ֮˵ˡ
ŵĻԹȥҲٻӰлҪ˵ôңαĿⶢеĻҡ
ٻӰԻϵıԹĻǶĺӲǸԹޣСϻŶ԰ɣ
ɫһˢס
ЦģֻҪЩ֮˵ȥúϢɣԺûϣòҪ߶𣿡ﻻϾлʺȨġ
ǣ檸ˡμװĻص
뿪ңʱλԼļƻ᲻ɹ
Ϲûȥ÷Ӱ԰ĻûϵȥҲ취ȥġ
Цת뿪ûע⵽һһСӰҲѸٵ뿪ȥ


10

ʲôҪСʩ⻰ɲ˵Ҫ֤ݵġ¶еץСʩʵ
Сʩĵͷ͵ģڸ˵껰֮վЦЦݿµúħһ˴ҽʱıһһҪﲻ
£û˵Щʲô
ţʲôٻӰ÷԰
÷Ӱ԰ｲЩҪʲô¶˼һ£Ȼһˣղ˵Ҫһ˳ȥߣ᲻ȥ÷Ӱ԰
ô죿
Сʩ˵ģҪ֪µĻô÷Ӱ԰һܴıڽС
Ǹô죿
СʩҸ˳ȥȥ£ȲҪ߻ϡ
ǣ
ң˳Ҫȥʱȴ÷Ӱ԰;һ󼫴
˼ææĳ
ʲô£
ˣ÷Ӱ԰ˣʺ棡
ʲô˼æ÷Ӱ԰

ͷߡʱͷȴ˺ݺݵһһֲĸоͷ·ѹģ͸

бʣæţ̡
ǣæӦš
ڼң
ɡ
ôˣ
ﲻң

ڴʱ˴Ҵϣˣ÷Ӱ԰ʧˡ
ʲô
ϣʺ÷Ӱ԰Сϣ
Ҳû¾÷Ӱ԰塣
ǧ£
ȫڵϣҪȣȴͻȻһЦû뵽һ԰йᱻԻˣһӵ
еɱ͸¶ҪɱѶϢ
ң򡭡κвá
ûõģϹ㱻סˣһӲȥġ
ڵϵֻҧгݵĵյŮӡ
Σ֪Ļᡭ
֪ģЩ˻ô˵ٻӰĹ겻һ߾Ȼõİеĳ谮𽥽Ҫ㱨㽫ⳡУϾһ˵ġ
ܵģ˺࣬ҶֻеĹͣȫĲһŮ˵ϣΪһƽˣ֮ӣκһƽŮ˿Զռеġ
ƭˣͲһǰȻǼ̸ֻҪһ֣Ŀͻ᲻ԾͣϡҲ㲻֪ȴúףӲ˵Թ㣬Ҳһ㣬ռмȴҲͬʱ֣һ˰Ů˲Żе񣬵ʱҾ֪Ĵһ谭һҪһе㡣
˵꣬һɭĿ⣬һĨЦټˣ߹Ļʺ󡣡
ϵһֻĴӵ͵ĵϴʱһƬ֮С
εЦţת׼õͨ뿪ʱһŮӴӻл߳״һ
˭
ٻӰ΢ĺŵûɢϵ㣬гֹ
ٻӰƭˣ㲻ˣŵһˣٻӰȴޱĿ
԰׵ӿҹֵĹһĺˣƵκ·ʱȻɫѪ߿л
αŵڻҴţͻȻͷһ̧ͷһȾͱͷϻȵѹסڲҽнһҪȴԼ
￴һĻ̲סĲţΪԼ³ֻĺŮ˵ļĿ¡
ҲҪұ𣿡ǿ򾲵ʵ
ԭٻӰȴתԭΪһ棬ȴû뵽ָֻģߵߣ
һʱĻ䣬ȴȫϣҶİһӱİ
㡭Ҫ˵ʲôȴ֧Ļ赹ĻС
ٻӰıڻУ΢Ц˵лл㡣
֪¸ҵŮӿźġ
Ȼ⴫һ󼫴ɧһ󷢿Ұ޵˲һг˻𳡡
ˣ
ϣΣգҪٽȥ
ٻӰ
ⲻԼһУȻȥٻӰŻԲѵ˶ǰһĻŵˡѲٻӰԹҪ߻ʺ
ܵģô᣿⻺ĿˣеǿңĿڻԲѵϣҲܲǹɺʧȥĿ־塣
ޣסսǰ۵Ӱţ޲ޣѷޣ
ΪʲôٻӰʡ
Ϊ
ĻٻӰš
ΪްްѾʧȥ㣬ʧȥˣĶٻӰ󺰡ѾˣٳֵģΪ޹һƬģߺˣҪ
ٻӰˮʹ࣬ԲΪֻн氮ϡ
е˶ʧõ氮ıﲻš
ңúõϧĸ顣Բ𡣡
ٻӰ
̧ͷҪٻӰ˵ʱȴʧ˵ǰ
һξһ𶼲֪ʱϨˡ
лл㣬ٻӰ૵˵š
Ѿ죬ȴһֱûѹ˶ʮֵĵģܵĪˡ
ⲻ߲ݵĴչ˶ͣȰȥϢȴܣ»ֻҪ˭ֹߣҪ˭Ҳû˸ҿڡ
˵𣿡
ˣΪλȫ۾
ѹ𣿡
ԴΪͿˣ
иеֺֺЦͻȻһʪʪĸо
ǳһ̵ζ
ûпް
ѵ
㲻Ҫ뿪ޡ޴ˣһֱӱԼģʵںܾǰ޾Ͱˡǵʮ꣬԰Ӱٻл߹Сϲģ޾֪ϲŮӾ㡣
ӡһǡ
ǵʱѾٻӰ޲ܹ޵һƬģΪٻӰеھΣ޽еȫƸ޹㡣Բһֱ˺㡣ޱֻ֤Ҫѹ޻ҪκζҪ޵ģ޶˫ַϣް㡣
˵꣬Ĵӡһǡ
þۣҪһκúõĿ
ﻺۣſڴϣͷȻ̧ͷһϲõ
ˣ
۵ۿӢӡ
˲٣û˯ˣ
û˯ˡ
죿
Ϊһ˯ͻʧȥ㣬ⱲԶҪʧȥ㣬֪𣬵֪ڴʱ޿Ҫˣֱһ޲֪ǶôҪ㣬û㡣֣еĸεĳǰ
еԼһϣԶ뿪ġ
֪
ĿԵĽţ˴˵겻κε谭һ
ˡ˵һ룬Сͱס
ЩҪҪˣصҵˡ
ˮֲӿ찡ǶôԼ˰
ǺۣƿߵĽ£Ǳһ䱦ı
ް㡣
ĵţӭжǡ
Ҳ㡣Լĸ
֤޿Ǿ͸ˡ
ô֤
ӡ
Цý˸һȫ˵硣
δ˶֪ǻһһమֱԶ
꣭


